نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
10.30473/eab.2024.69531.1927
چکیده
دو گونه وزغ سبز (Bufotes viridis) از خانواده وزغهای حقیقی (Bufonidae) و قورباغه مردابی (Pelophylax ridibundus) از خانواده قورباغه‌های حقیقی (Ranidae) بیش‌ترین پراکنش را در استان خوزستان دارند. این دو گونه مشکلات آرایه‌شناختی فراوانی دارند و مطالعات کروموزومی که تا‌کنون در کشور بر‌روی آن‌ها انجام گرفته است، اندک می‌باشد. در مطالعات میدانی تعداد 28 دوزیست بی‌دم شامل 17 عدد وزغ سبز و 11 عدد قورباغه مردابی از شمال‌غرب و جنوب استان خوزستان (شوش، خرمشهر و هندیجان) جمع‌آوری شدند. نمونه‌برداری در بازه زمانی تابستان 1398 تا تابستان 1399 انجام شد. مطالعات کروموزومی نشان داد که همگی وزغهای سبز جمع‌آوری شده از سه منطقه موردمطالعه 22=n2 کروموزوم دارندکه در دو گروه دسته‌بندی شدند. اولین گروه شامل شش جفت کروموزوم بزرگ و دومین گروه شامل پنج جفت کروموزوم کوچک بودند. در وزغهای هر سه منطقه موردمطالعه جفت چهارم و هفتم کروموزوم‌ها ساب‌متاسانتریک و بقیه آن‌ها متاسانتریک بودند. نتایج نشان داد که همه قورباغه‌های مردابی صیدشده 26=n2 کروموزوم دارند که در دو گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه اول شامل پنج جفت کروموزوم بزرگ و گروه دوم شامل هشت جفت کروموزوم کوچک بودند. فرمول کاریوتایپی قورباغه‌های سه منطقه نمونه‌برداری با یکدیگر یکسان نیستند. فرمول کاریوتایپی قورباغه‌های خرمشهر، شوش و هندیجان به‌ترتیب 8m+1sm +4st، 7m+3sm+3st و6m+6sm+1st می‌باشند. در هیچ‌کدام از دوزیستان بی‌دم صیدشده کروموزوم‌های هترومورف جنسی مشاهده نشد. مطالعه حاضر در مورد قورباغه‌های مردابی و مقایسه آن با پژوهش‌های دیگر در ایران تنوع قابل‌توجهی را از نظر کاریوتایپی در کشور نشان می‌دهدکه احتمال وجود کمپلکس گونه‌ای را قوت می‌بخشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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