Mohammad Amin Shahbazi; Navab Ghobadi
Abstract
Abstract Trimethoprim (Tr) in combination with Sulfa methoxazole (SMZ) has a wide spectrum of activity against gram positive and negative bacteria. However these drugs are usually used, numerous side effects of these drugs are reported,which consist of skin problems, blood problems, digestive, ...
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Abstract Trimethoprim (Tr) in combination with Sulfa methoxazole (SMZ) has a wide spectrum of activity against gram positive and negative bacteria. However these drugs are usually used, numerous side effects of these drugs are reported,which consist of skin problems, blood problems, digestive, renaly and cardiovascular disease. It seems these drugs exert their side effects via potassium channel blocking and also QT interval prolongation. The aim of the current study is to study the effects of contemporaneous injection Tr and SMZ on electrocardiographic criteria in Holstein cows. To this end, 10 clinically healthy Holstein cows (5 non pregnant female and 5 male, 5 years old,about 450±25 kg) were randomly selected; then all of them were issued on electrocardiographic changes in two stages: before and after the intramuscular injection (in the neck) of Tr and SMZ (1ml of each per 10 kg body weight, twice a day for 5 successive days).and in the end cows were transferred in a calm and non-stressed place in order to take electrocardiography. A significant difference was detected in QT interval prolongation and heart rate by the drug administration Trimethoprim and Sulfa methoxazole (P
Reza Azadbakht; Mohsen Jafarian Dehkordi; Soudeh Khanamani Falahati-Pour; Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti; Sakineh Khanamani Falahatipour
Abstract
Abstract Pistacia khinjuk is one of the pistachio species and native medicinal plant of Iran. This plant has shown many pharmacological activities and has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The present experimental study was designed to evaluate the effects of the ...
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Abstract Pistacia khinjuk is one of the pistachio species and native medicinal plant of Iran. This plant has shown many pharmacological activities and has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The present experimental study was designed to evaluate the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of khinjuk on the hematological parameters of rats. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into 3 six-member groups. Groups 1 to 3 were treated with 200 mg/kg bw of the extract, 400 mg/kg bw of the extract and distilled water (control group) for 30 days, respectively. Blood samples were then taken from the heart of the rats and hematological parameters were measured. To assess the significance of the difference in mean blood parameters between different groups, T test was performed at a significant level of P
Mohammad Forouhar Vajargah; Seyed Aliakbar Hedayati
Abstract
Abstract One of the most important factors that today is important with the risks associated of the growing industry and technology, is plant pesticides that can lead to the destruction of aquatic communities in the long times by entering aquatic ecosystems. So in current study acute toxicity of butachlor ...
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Abstract One of the most important factors that today is important with the risks associated of the growing industry and technology, is plant pesticides that can lead to the destruction of aquatic communities in the long times by entering aquatic ecosystems. So in current study acute toxicity of butachlor poison that is a very common at the agricultural plant was studied in 5-7 gr common carp and Caspian roach for detection of LC50 at 96 hour. Experiment was in static plan and based on the OECD standard conducted for 4 days; water physicochemical parameters including PH, dissolved oxygen and temperature were measured that they were in suitable ranges. Based on the results, acute toxicity of butachlor on carp and Caspian roach were 0.785 and 0.258 mg/l respectively and maximum allowable concentration MAC value were calculated as 0.078 and 0.025 mg/l respectively. According to the standard for determine of the toxicity of various pesticides, butachlor was considered more highly toxic for Caspian roach than common carp.
Alireza Shayestehfar; Samaneh Ansari; Behzad Gholami
Abstract
Abstract The Mollusca are smooth skin and without split and with a variety of morphology that often isolated in a calcareous shell. In during year 2010 has been conducted, in the surrounding Dadghan village from Tafresh County of Markazi Province, and the entire extended layers in this region were found ...
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Abstract The Mollusca are smooth skin and without split and with a variety of morphology that often isolated in a calcareous shell. In during year 2010 has been conducted, in the surrounding Dadghan village from Tafresh County of Markazi Province, and the entire extended layers in this region were found and the sampling operation has been carried out in perpendicular direction to these layers. then sampling stations Zoogeographical region recorded by the GPS and samples was transferred to the biological laboratory of Arak University, finally, the samples was identified by valid resources identification. In the present study, studied fossil belongs to genus Pectin from Pectenidae family. The genus of Bivalvia class, the Bivalvia class is mollusca that live in freshwater and marine. Some of the main characteristics of this genus are: external shell of circular, lateral symmetry in one valve and inequality with the other valve, presence of a singular muscle, and superficial frills are observed on the shell in the form of radial and thick lines. The genus of Pectin are new record for Markazi Province
Ali Kianian; Sayyad Sheykhi Ilanloo; Elham Ebrahimi
Abstract
Abstract Today, aquatic and aquatic fauna have high value in many aspects and are considered as indicators of biodiversity in studies. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of studying the trend of changing and comparing the indices of diversity and density of aquatic and aquatic birds ...
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Abstract Today, aquatic and aquatic fauna have high value in many aspects and are considered as indicators of biodiversity in studies. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of studying the trend of changing and comparing the indices of diversity and density of aquatic and aquatic birds in the wetland of Shirin Sou dam in Hamadan province, it was an indicator for 1 year. For this purpose, the birds of this wetland were counted from October 2009 to September 2010. The results showed that the highest bird density in the month of November was 23.77 hectares. The highest and lowest values of Simpson's index in Shirin Su Dam lake were recorded in March (0.93) and March (0.69) respectively. Also, the highest and lowest values of Shannon diversity index were in October and October (4.40) and Bahman (2.5). For the beryllium diversity index, the highest and lowest values, as well as the Shannon diversity index, were shown in October (4/10) and Bahman (1.6). In terms of Simpson's uniformity index, the highest and the lowest uniformity were reported in Shirin Su Dam lagoon in February (0.7) and May (0.27). For the Camargo uniformity index, Simmons index was the highest and lowest in Bahman (0.68) and May (0.27). For the Smith Wilson uniformity index, the highest and lowest values were determined in February and March and were respectively 0.8 and 0.36 respectively. The maximum and minimum densities in the survey period in the wetland of Shirin Sou dam were allocated to the months of November (23.78) and Bahman (1.17), respectively. The number of aquatic species in different months of the year was more than aquatic species. But the abundance of aquatic birds has always been more than aquatic. The Shirin Su Dam Lake seems to be better and more capable of providing nutritional resources for aquatic species. And this issue has also been found by observing the abundance of aquatic birds in relation to aquatic species.
Jalil Sarhangzadeh; Hassan Akbari
Abstract
Abstract Chinkara (Gazella bennettiishikarii) is the smallest antelope in Iran. The only remaining habitats of this species in Iran are often decomposed. This species is adapted to arid habitats and Naybandan Wildlife Refuge is known as the most integrated habitat of this species in the country. For ...
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Abstract Chinkara (Gazella bennettiishikarii) is the smallest antelope in Iran. The only remaining habitats of this species in Iran are often decomposed. This species is adapted to arid habitats and Naybandan Wildlife Refuge is known as the most integrated habitat of this species in the country. For habitat suitability modelling of Chinkara in the refuge, we visited the area to provide present layer of the species, initially. Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) method and ENFA software for habitat suitability modeling of this species were used. Information layers as variables affecting on this species include the slope, aspect, elevation, forms of topography, vegetation, water resources and human development variables was determined. Based on habitat suitability map, Chinkara preferred elevation range of 570 to 1800 meters above sea level and 5 to 30 percent of slop. Furthermore variables of north hillsides, water sources, streams and foothills, uninhabited villages and vegetation type areas of Haloxylon, Seidlitzia and Artemisia are also important factors in the presence of this species. Results showed that 33.58 percent of this area were suitable for Chinkara. Prevention of development (roads and mines) in the suitable habitats of Chinkara, and, determination of corridors and movement routs of the species outside of the Naybandan in future studies were suggested in the route of this research.
Reza Khademian Raad; Seyed Ebrahimi Hosseini
Abstract
Abstract Human studies have great challenges in understanding the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome due to ethical and practical limitations and animal models have high value in the study of this syndrome. Regarding estrogenic properties of royal jelly, the aim of this study was to investigation ...
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Abstract Human studies have great challenges in understanding the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome due to ethical and practical limitations and animal models have high value in the study of this syndrome. Regarding estrogenic properties of royal jelly, the aim of this study was to investigation of establishment possibility of royal jelly-induced polycystic ovary syndrome disorder model in rat. In this experimental study,40 adult virgin female rats strain weighing 180±20grwere divided in 5 groups of 8. control group without treatment, sham group received normal saline as treatment solvent and 3 experimental groups respectively intraperitoneally injection received 250, 500 and 1000mg/kgBW of royal jelly for 21 days.At the end of the treatment period the blood samples were taken from all groups, serum concentration of sex hormones were measured and the follicles were counted by isolating the ovaries and preparing the tissue sections. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results of this study showed that the serum concentration estradiolhormone and the number of primordial follicles in the 250mg/kgBW recipient group were significantly increase than control group (p<0.05); Also ovarian cysts were not observed in histopathologic examination of ovarian tissue. Royal jelly increases serum concentration estradiol hormone and the number of primordial follicles at a minimal dosage but with increasing does not changes in serum concentration of sex hormones also tissue and ovarian function.
Pooran Ghahramani; Hooman Eshagh Harooni; Seyed Raza Fatemi Tabatabaei; Ahmad Ali Moazedi
Abstract
Abstract Anxiety is a common disease in the society. About 500 million people worldwide suffer from this disorder. 85% of people with depression also have anxiety. According to anxiolytic effects of different zinc chloride in male and female rats is Castration post- pubertaly, this was investigated, ...
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Abstract Anxiety is a common disease in the society. About 500 million people worldwide suffer from this disorder. 85% of people with depression also have anxiety. According to anxiolytic effects of different zinc chloride in male and female rats is Castration post- pubertaly, this was investigated, the effect of zinc chloride on anxiety and deppresive behaviors of rats, in gonadectomized peri-pubertaly. In this experiment, fifty male rats were gonadectomized at postnatal day 21-22 and at puberty were divided into Six groups, control, sham (saline), gonadectomized (saline) and the gonadectomized groups receiving Zinc chloride 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg. Then on postnatal day 75, different doses of zinc chloride (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg; IP) were administered 30 min before the elevated plus maze and forced swimming test. The results showed in gonadectomized group (saline) anxiety did not reach to a significant criterion. Zinc chloride (20 mg/kg) significantly increase the time spent in the open arms in gonadectomized (20 mg/kg) group compared to the gonadectomized group (p
Mohammad Gholizadeh; Sakineh Boveiri
Abstract
Abstract The change of land use can change the components of the habitat quality and population structure of aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study is to use a combination of macroinvertebrate to assess the effects human activities such as agriculture, rural, fish form, and forest and reference ...
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Abstract The change of land use can change the components of the habitat quality and population structure of aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study is to use a combination of macroinvertebrate to assess the effects human activities such as agriculture, rural, fish form, and forest and reference site (upstream) along the Zarin-Gol River, Golestan province. Sampling of macroinvertebrate was performed monthly in two season (winter and spring) 2015-16 and nine stations (in different land use along stream) with Surber sampler (0.09 square meter) in three replications. A total of 1929 samples were collected from macroinvertebrate belong to 30 families and 9 orders. The highest abundance of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera was observed in spring and in the stations 6, 7, 8 and 9 and Diptera was the rest. The maximum value of Shannon diversity index and Margalef richness was obtained in the stations 6, 7, 8 and 9. The cluster analysis of different stations and season showed three distinct groups. The results showed that the land use fluctuations based on human activities caused a decrease in abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrate (reduction of sensitive organisms and increase of resistant organisms).
Hassan Ghahari
Abstract
Abstract Encarsia Förster (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) are the powerful parasitoids of whiteflies and armored scales (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae, Diaspididae) in most regions of the world which have efficient role in biological control of these pests in fields, orchards and greenhouses. ...
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Abstract Encarsia Förster (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae) are the powerful parasitoids of whiteflies and armored scales (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae, Diaspididae) in most regions of the world which have efficient role in biological control of these pests in fields, orchards and greenhouses. The fauna of Encarsia was studied in Golestan province (Northern Iran) by collecting their main hosts, whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), and rearing of hosts in optimum condition. In total, 12 Encarsia species including, Encarsia acaudaleyrodis Hayat, 1976, Encarsia auranti (Howard, 1894), Encarsia azimi Hayat, 1986, Encarsia berlesei (Howard, 1906), Encarsia elegans Masi, 1911, Encarsia fasciata (Malenotti, 1917), Encarsia formosa Gahan, 1924, Encarsia inaron (Walker, 1839), Encarsia lounsburyi (Berlese & Paoli, 1916), Encarsia lutea (Masi, 1909), Encarsia mineoi Viggiani, 1982 and Encarsia perniciosi (Tower, 1913) were collected and identified. In this investigation, additionally to the faunistic study on Encarsia in Golestan province, synonymies, distribution, descriptions and identification key of species are given.
Ali Ghasemian; Mohammadtaghi Asadollahzadeh; Ahmadreza Saraeian; Hossein Resalati; Mohammad Taherzadeh
Abstract
Abstract Toxic compounds and inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates such as acetic acid and phenolic compounds are the major challenge for biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials into biofuels like bioethanol. In this study, the performance of four filamentous fungi Rhizopus oryzae, Mucor ...
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Abstract Toxic compounds and inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates such as acetic acid and phenolic compounds are the major challenge for biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials into biofuels like bioethanol. In this study, the performance of four filamentous fungi Rhizopus oryzae, Mucor indicus, Neurospora intermedia and Aspergilus oryzae on the fungal biomass production, sugar and acetic acid consumption as well as ethanol production was investigated in synthetic mediums containing 0, 3, 5 and 7 g/L acetic acid. The fungal biomass obtained after 48 and 72 hours cultivation showed that the rate of the fungi growth and lag phase decreased and increased by acetic acid addition into the medium, respectively. The inhibitory effect of acetic acid on M. indicus growth was higher than those of other fungi, i.e., its biomass production decreased significantly at higher concentration of acetic acid (5 g/L), while A. oryzae showed pretty good tolerance to acetic acid. The results indicated that the effect of acetic acid on the fungal biomass and ethanol production was dependent on acetic acid concentration and the fungus type which can affect positively and/or negatively on the fermentation. The ethanol concentration from A. oryzae and R. oryzae cultivation in the medium containing acetic acid was decreased and increased, respectively. According to the fermentation results, the medium containing 7 g/L acetic acid was enough to stop the fungi growth and ethanol production.
Amer abdollah nezhad banaderi; Soheila Ebrahimi
Abstract
Abstract Pearl oyster Pinctada radiata is belongs to the family Pteriidae and is one of the pearl oyster Persian GOlf. This study was amid to determine the optimum amount of salt and its effects on the filtration Pearl maker incidents using phytoplankton Isochrysis aff galbana in five treatments ...
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Abstract Pearl oyster Pinctada radiata is belongs to the family Pteriidae and is one of the pearl oyster Persian GOlf. This study was amid to determine the optimum amount of salt and its effects on the filtration Pearl maker incidents using phytoplankton Isochrysis aff galbana in five treatments salinity (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 parts per thousand), and 3 were repeated. Shells with an average length (dorsal-ventral) 49.67± 6.98 mm it was gathered from the Hendorabi island. The initial density of phytoplankton to town with 100,000 cells / ml were considered and at the time of one-hour and two-hour congestion they were counted again. The most of filtration rate was in 35 parts per thousand salinity that it is the first time 2459.77± 89.46 and 14.66% increase in the second hour with 2820.39±57 /00ml / hour / shellfish with other treatments were significantly different (P˂0.05). The filtration rate was about 20 ppt salinity levels in the first hour 140.51±37.02 and in the second hour with 32.12% decrease, 40.55±22.11 ml/ h/ shellfish with Other treatments that were significantly different (P˂0.05). The results showed that best salt for biological activity such as eating, breathing and growing incidents of pearl was in 35 ppt salinity also increases the filtration at second hour in 30, 35 and 40 parts per thousand reflects its ability to adapt in salinity.
Zahra Moradi; Eisa Solgi
Abstract
The dangers of bio-accumulation of metals at higher levels in the food chain are one of the major concerns in human health. Heavy metals are resistant to degradation and accumulate in the body of aquatic animals, including crayfish. This study was conducted to compare the accumulation of heavy metals ...
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The dangers of bio-accumulation of metals at higher levels in the food chain are one of the major concerns in human health. Heavy metals are resistant to degradation and accumulate in the body of aquatic animals, including crayfish. This study was conducted to compare the accumulation of heavy metals in soft and hard crab blue swimmers of Bushehr shores. Crab samples (40) were collected randomly in the autumn of 1395 using boats and fishing trips from Bushehr coastlines. The acid digestion method was used to prepare the samples. The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni in hard tissue were 90.70±43.01, 52.93±6.78, 37.73±13.85, 23.50±7.76 and 4.37±3.66 mg/kg dry weight respectively and in soft tissue were 83.81±56.94, 17.51±4.11, 92.28±28.69, 69.12±3.73 and 4.24±3.90 respectively. Metal concentrations of hard tissue were significantly higher than those in soft tissue. Based on the results in soft crab tissue, the mean concentration of copper was higher than the WHO and NHMRC standards, the mean concentration of nickel was higher than the WHO and FAO standards and the mean concentration of zinc were lower than the global standard. In the hard tissue, the mean value of copper and nickel was higher than the international standards and Zn lower than these standards. Generally, Ni and Cu were higher than the standards that can create risk to human health.
Faezeh fatemi; Reza Hajihosseini; Abbas Golbodagh; abolfazl dadkhah
Abstract
Abstract Sepsis is the most common reason of mortality among patients who are in the intensive care unit. Regarding to the side effects of the anti-inflammatory drug consumption, the replace of natural products are suggested in sepsis treatment. the effects of the combination of the deuterium depleted ...
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Abstract Sepsis is the most common reason of mortality among patients who are in the intensive care unit. Regarding to the side effects of the anti-inflammatory drug consumption, the replace of natural products are suggested in sepsis treatment. the effects of the combination of the deuterium depleted water (DDW) and Rosa (R.) damascena Mill. on the stress oxidative parameters and the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the lung and plasma tissues were investigated. 50 Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: negative control (LAP), control group (CLP), two treatment groups with the combination of DDW and R. damascena Mill. essential oil (DDW15+EO and DDW30+EO) and positive control group with indomethacin (IND). Then, the levels of oxidative stress parameters and the expression of COX-2 were estimated in plasma and lung tissue. The sepsis resulted in the decrease of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and glutathione (GSH) levels along with the increase of lipid peroxidation (LP) andCOX-2 levels. However, the rats treated with the combination of deuterium depleted water and R. damascena Mill. essential oils as same as indomethacin were influenced on the regulation of those parameters through the evaluation of FRAP and GSH levels and the reduction of the LP level and COX-2 gene expression. The pathological studies confirmed the biochemical consequences as well. The results indicated that the oxidative damages were caused by sepsis, but the administration of the natural products such as deuterium depleted water and R. damascena Mill. essential oils could improve the injures due to the effectiveness of oxidative stress and antioxidants parameters.
