In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology

Document Type : Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Gonbad Kavous University, Iran

2 M. A., Department of Fisheries, Gonbad Kavous University, Iran

Abstract

Abstract 
The change of land use can change the components of the habitat quality and population structure of aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study is to use a combination of macroinvertebrate to assess the effects human activities such as agriculture, rural, fish form, and forest and reference site (upstream) along the Zarin-Gol River, Golestan province. Sampling of macroinvertebrate was performed monthly in two season (winter and spring) 2015-16 and nine stations (in different land use along stream) with Surber sampler (0.09 square meter) in three replications. A total of 1929 samples were collected from macroinvertebrate belong to 30 families and 9 orders. The highest abundance of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera was observed in spring and in the stations 6, 7, 8 and 9 and Diptera was the rest. The maximum value of Shannon diversity index and Margalef richness was obtained in the stations 6, 7, 8 and 9. The cluster analysis of different stations and season showed three distinct groups. The results showed that the land use fluctuations based on human activities caused a decrease in abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrate (reduction of sensitive organisms and increase of resistant organisms).

Keywords

 
Abdoli, A.; (2000). The Inland Water Fishes of Iran. Iranian Museum of Nature and Wildlife, Tehran. 377 P. (in Persian)
Abtahi, A., Najafi, P.; (2008). Evaluating the Quality Characteristics of the Zayandeh Rud River in Isfahan Province. The Eleventh National Conference on Environmental Health in Zahedan. (in Persian)
Afshin, Y.; (1984). The River of Iran. Pub. Power Ministration. 575p. (in Persian)
Bahar, M.M.; Ohmori, H.; Yamamuro, M.; (2008). Relationship between river water quality and land use in a small river basin running through the urbanizing area of Central Japan. Limnology; 9: 19-26.
Feminella, J.W., (1999). Biotic Indicators of water quality the Alabama watershed demonstration project. Aubum University; 31: 52-62.
Ghane, A.; Ahmadi, M.; Esmaeili, A.; Mirzajani, A.; (2006). Bioassessment of Chafrood River by using of Macrobenthos Structure. Agricultural and Natural Resources Sciences and Technologies; 10(1):247-259.(in Persian)
Hepp, L.U., Santos, S.; (2009). Benthic communities of streams related to different land uses in a hydrographic basin in southern Brazil. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment; 157: 305-318.
Hynes, H.B.N.; (1970). The ecology of running water. University of Toronto Press, Canada. 555 p.
Jamalzad, F.; Afraz, A.; (2007). Report on the biological and non-biological survey of the Shafarood River. Fisheries Research Center of Guilan, Bandar Anzali, 65 pages. (in Persian)
Loch, D. D.; West, J. L.; Perlmutter, D. G.; (1999). The effect of trout farm effluent on the taxa richness of benthic macroinvertebrates. Aquaculture; 147: 37-55.
Needham, J. G.; (1976). A guide to the study of freshwater biology. Holden Sanfrancisco. 107 p.
Pielou, E. C.; (1966). The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections. Journal of Theoretical Biology; 13: 131-144.
Power Ministration; (1991). Primary Studies on Artificial Feeding in Gar1nabdasht River, Zarrin-Gol (2t11).  Hydrologic Study. 68 p. (in Persian)
Quigley, M.; (1986). Invertebrates of streams and rivers. Head of Studies in Environmental Biology. Nene College. Northampton, Edward Arnold. 83 p.
Reiki, M.; (2000). Groundwater quality assessment of Khash plain. Master thesis for groundwater, Department of Irrigation and Water Engineering, Faculty Natural Resources, University of Tehran.
Salomoni, S.E.; Rocha, O.; Leite, E.H.; (2007). Limnological characterization of Gravataí river, Rio Grande do Sul. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia; 19 (1): 1-14.
Sharma, S.; Moog, O.; Nesemann, H.; Pradhan, B.; (2009). Application of Nepalese biotic score and its extension for river water quality management in the Central Himalaya, Nepal. Paper presented at The International Symposium on Environment, Energy and Water in Nepal: Resent Researches and Direction for Future, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Shomali, M.; Abdul Maliki, Sh.; (1996). Biological and non-human studies of the Karga River, Research Center. Guilan Fisheries, Bandar Anzali, 6 p. (in Persian)
Smith, R.F.; Lamp, W.O.; (2008). Comparison of insect communities between adjacent headwater and main-stem streams in urban and rural watersheds. Journal of North American Benthological Society; 27 (1): 161-175.
Tong, S.; Chen, W.; (2002). Modeling the relationship between land use and surface water quality. Journal of Environmental Management; 66, 377-393.
Voelker, D. C.; Renn, D. E.; (2000). Benthic invertebrates and quality of streambed sediments in the White River and selected tributaries in and near Indiannapolis, Indiana. USGS Science for a Changing World. 55 p.
Washington, H. G.; (1984) Diversity, biotic, and similarity indices. Water Research; 18: 653- 670.
Yokoyama, H.; Nishimura, A.; Inoue, M.; (2007). Macro benthos as biological indicators to assess the influence of aquaculture on Japanese coastal environment. In: Ecological and Genetic Implication of Aquaculture Activities. Springer Publications, New York City, New York, USA. pp. 407-423.