Saeid Meshkini; Ali Akbar Tafi
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 11-21
Abstract
Abstract The present study was evaluated to determine effects of levamisole on growth and resistance of rainbow trout against density stress. For this purpose 1000 pieces fish (average weight of 150±6 g) were obtained from a local fish farm of Urmia and were divided in 5 test groups (33 kg/m3 ...
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Abstract The present study was evaluated to determine effects of levamisole on growth and resistance of rainbow trout against density stress. For this purpose 1000 pieces fish (average weight of 150±6 g) were obtained from a local fish farm of Urmia and were divided in 5 test groups (33 kg/m3 density) and were fed on diet supplemented with levamisole at 0, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg per kg of diet for a period of 45 days. Then the fishes of all groups were fed on commercial diet without levamisole and were exposed density stress by 2-3 folds for the following 15 days. Biometry of fishes was done every 15 days and growth factors were measured. Results show that high level of levamisole (1000 mg/kg) had the lowest effect on growth factors of fishes. The maximum survival percent of fishes were observed in 500, 250, and 100 mg/kg Levamisole at the end of research and the level 1000 mg/kg Levamisole caused increase mortality of fishes into control group in density stress significantly (P
Behzad Shareghi; Maryam Kazemi Nafchi
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 23-33
Abstract
Abstract Peroxidases are a group of oxidoreductases that are produced by a number of microorganisms and plants, and catalyse the reduction of peroxides. Peroxidases are widely used in clinical biochemistry and enzyme immunoassay. Horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) is one of the characterized peroxidases. ...
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Abstract Peroxidases are a group of oxidoreductases that are produced by a number of microorganisms and plants, and catalyse the reduction of peroxides. Peroxidases are widely used in clinical biochemistry and enzyme immunoassay. Horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) is one of the characterized peroxidases. The structure of the enzyme is largely alpha helical. Peroxidase enzyme is detox important enzyme that to work process for getting rid of the cells of additional hydrogen peroxide under normal and stress conditions, including contamination with toxic levels of heavy metals, however, severe stress possible influence upon the activity of detoxification enzyme. Kinetics studies of peroxidase enzyme were performed using a spectrophotometer UV-Vis fitted with electronic control system at 35 °C and 45 °C and pH4 and in the presence ferric oxide and copper oxide. Kinetic parameters show that ferric oxide and copper oxide becomes caused the decrease of maximum speed (VMAX) and activity of the enzyme. Likely due to the ferri and copper ions have positively charged, these places are on or near the sites of glycosylation of enzyme and by their negatively charged are suitable binding sites for iron and copper. Likely binding of iron and copper are caused more changes of the secondary structure and makes random coil deduction more than alpha helix.
esmat salimi; Hosein Zolgharnine; Bita Archangi
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 35-40
Abstract
Abstract Iran with a vast geographical distribution has several habitats and a high ecological importance. Among the ecological studies done a few studies have been conducted on Iran's internal waters. Knowing the biological and ecological characteristics of different aquatic species in Iran can provide ...
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Abstract Iran with a vast geographical distribution has several habitats and a high ecological importance. Among the ecological studies done a few studies have been conducted on Iran's internal waters. Knowing the biological and ecological characteristics of different aquatic species in Iran can provide useful information for effective fish stock management in future. Aphanius ginaonis is an endangered species and have high ecological importance. In this study, Genetic diversity of Aphanius ginaonis was studied through PCR-RFLP method through mitochondrial DNA in D-loop region. To conduct this study, 30 Aphanius ginaonis from Geno hot spring in Hormozgan taken. The samples'DNA was extracted through phenol chloroform method. The length of PCR product was 550 bp. To digest PCR product, 5 restriction enzymes (AluI, DpnI, Eco47I, HindIII,HinfI) have been used. The data was analysed through Arlequin 3.11 software. 9 different haplotypes were revealed through analysis which four haplotypes were rare haplotype. Haplotypes EABAB, EACAB and CABAB showed the highest frequency. High haplotype and nucleotide diversity is resulted in this species. Results obtained from this research would be applicable to understand conservation genetics and management of this important fish species in Iran.
tayebeh ghajari; Forogh Papahn
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 41-55
Abstract
Abstract This Study was carried out during 1 years study from August 2013 to February 2014 in costal water in North west of the Persian Gulf. Sampeling was done seasonally from 14 stations in Deylam costal to Bahmanshir River. That eventually 64 bivalvia species from 24 families in costal water of Persian ...
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Abstract This Study was carried out during 1 years study from August 2013 to February 2014 in costal water in North west of the Persian Gulf. Sampeling was done seasonally from 14 stations in Deylam costal to Bahmanshir River. That eventually 64 bivalvia species from 24 families in costal water of Persian Gulf Which identified and classified, they are as below: Nuculidae, Yoldiinae, Donacidae, Semelidae, Tellinidae, Psammobiidae, Solecurtidae, Galeommatidae, Kellidae, Veneridae, Mactridae, Lucinidea, Trapeziinae, Cardiidae, Carditidae, Thracioidea, Periplomatidae, Solenidae, Corbiculidae, Arcidae, Mytilidae, Spondylidae, Placuna placenta, Pteriidae, Ostreidae, Veneridae family with 26%, Mactridae family with 22% and Tellinidae family with 21% are upper abundance in total bivalve’s family.
Maryam Ghanizade; Maryam Shapoori; Mehdi Babazadeh
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 57-65
Abstract
Abstract Rosmarinus officinalis is a natural antimicrobial, which effects on many pathogens and food spoilage organisms. The purpose of this study was using two concentrations of Nano-encapsulation and the ethanolic extract of R. officinalis (0.1% and 0.3%) in order to increase the shelf life of fillets ...
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Abstract Rosmarinus officinalis is a natural antimicrobial, which effects on many pathogens and food spoilage organisms. The purpose of this study was using two concentrations of Nano-encapsulation and the ethanolic extract of R. officinalis (0.1% and 0.3%) in order to increase the shelf life of fillets of rainbow trout at fridge temperature. Factors considered included (Proxide value and total volatile base nitrogen) as well as microbial parameters (Total count of bacteria and psychotropic count) in the periods of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days. The changes in TVB-N values during the treatment with nano-encapsulation of 0.3% were lower than the other treatments. The results of microbial parameters in the treatments containing of Nano-encapsulation were less than ordinary extracts. However, on days 9 to 12, all parameters were beyond the standard range (7logCFU/g). In conclusion, based on the results of this study, although Nano encapsulated formed in the concentration of 0.3% compared to the other concentrations had better results, achieving better results and increasing the shelf life of rainbow trout needed thorough evaluation of biological and chemical parameters.
Vahid Hasanvand; Namdar Yousofvand
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 67-73
Abstract
Abstract Many of the medicinal herbs have shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of diabetes complications (including hematocrit), which garlic is one of these herbs. 21 adult Wistar male rats were divided into 3 groups (n=7), which include: normal control group that received normal water ...
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Abstract Many of the medicinal herbs have shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of diabetes complications (including hematocrit), which garlic is one of these herbs. 21 adult Wistar male rats were divided into 3 groups (n=7), which include: normal control group that received normal water and food for 45 days and injected normal saline on 15th day. Control (diabetic by STZ at 40 mg/kg dose on 15th day) and the prevention group by garlic flower extract at a dose of 360 mg/Lit in drinking water received a treatment period for 15 days before diabetes. One dose of streptozotocin 40mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally. The hematocrit of blood samples was measured, using the ABACUS-c Diatron device (Austria). Hematocrit showed a significant increase (p
Hashem Khandan Barani; Mohammad Reza Heydari
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 75-84
Abstract
Abstract In this study, the effect of stocking density on some hematological (Red and white blood cells) and serum biochemical parameters (Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and ...
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Abstract In this study, the effect of stocking density on some hematological (Red and white blood cells) and serum biochemical parameters (Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase and cortisol) of Carassius auratus was investigated. Fish with average weight 200±18 g were stocked randomly into 6 tank with triplicate in two treatments for a 30-day period and were submitted to different stocking densities: low density (T1, 10 kg/m3) and high density (T2, 45 kg/m3). At the end of the trial, Fish from each group were selected and their blood was collected and the following parameters were analyzed. Fish held at high density showed significant higher levels of cortisol, glucose and alkaline phosphatase (23±0.4 ng/dl, 52±3.2 mg/dl and 93.2±8.1U/L, respectively) compared with those held at low density (36±0.9 ng/dl, 83±5.2 mg/dl and 61.2±6.3U/L, respectively), while the levels of triglycerides significantly decreased with increasing density (PP
Hosein Ebrahimi; Marzieh Asadi Aghbolaghi
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 85-93
Abstract
Abstract Captive breeding program is one of the ways which lead to species conservation and hence, introducing them to the native distributional range. Dashte-Naz protected area with an area of 55 hectares in the north of Iran is one of the important place forcaptive breeding of Persian fallow deer. ...
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Abstract Captive breeding program is one of the ways which lead to species conservation and hence, introducing them to the native distributional range. Dashte-Naz protected area with an area of 55 hectares in the north of Iran is one of the important place forcaptive breeding of Persian fallow deer. Despite of the widespread use of this approach in the world, there are some problems such as genetic issues and lack of suitable place for captive breeding. In this study SWOT analysis applied to identify of strengthens, weakness, opportunities and threats in captivate breeding plan for Iranian fallow deer, sustainable management strategies of species, improvement of reproducibility performance and reducing its negative effects. Quantitative strategic planning matrix was determined as the best strategies. Among different strategies, movement of individuals between different habitats to reduce genetic vulnerability, search for new places to introduction, analysis of populations survive, use of descendants tree in populations pedigree, design mating table and registration information of individuals were identified as the most important strategies.
Amir Ansari; Mostafa Hadavand
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 95-104
Abstract
Abstract Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus) is one of index mammals of the Zagros Oak Forests, as for is very poor of the natural forest cover in Markazi Province, therefore existence of trees dominant typeof species Quercus Brantii persica in the Forest Reserve Area of shazand is of great importance ...
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Abstract Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus) is one of index mammals of the Zagros Oak Forests, as for is very poor of the natural forest cover in Markazi Province, therefore existence of trees dominant typeof species Quercus Brantii persica in the Forest Reserve Area of shazand is of great importance for the regeneration of this species.The study was using MaxEnt and statistic methods with Seven variables i.e. tree height, diameter at breast height(DBH), cover crown, distance from roads and agricultural land, distance from the nearest tree, the number of trees has holes, and Frying rate of oak trees, and 60 hypothetical of simulated points of squirrel. The results indicate that an area of 6.4 ha, equivalent to 39%, in the forest reserve area of shazand is habitat suitable for the Persian squirrel. The model validity is 0.845 revealing the excellent performance of MaxEnt method. According to, the habitat conditions of available does not exist of the possibility of regenerationof the Persian squirrel in the Forest Reserve Area of shazand now. The number of trees has holes, diameter at breast height, distance from the nearest tree, Frying rate of oak trees, cover crown and are respectively known as the variables with the greatest impact on habitat of Persian squirrel.
Somayeh Shokri; Azadeh Rasooli; Mehdi Hedayati
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 105-112
Abstract
Abstract After iron, iodine deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in third world countries. Today, the urinary iodine which indicates the recent iodine status is the only biological indicator for iodine. Therefore, providing of a long-term indicator for assessing of iodine status is essential. ...
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Abstract After iron, iodine deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in third world countries. Today, the urinary iodine which indicates the recent iodine status is the only biological indicator for iodine. Therefore, providing of a long-term indicator for assessing of iodine status is essential. In this study, by using the well-known Sandell–Kolthoff reaction the iodine levels were simultaneously measured in hair and urine of 50 samples. The precision, accuracy, and sensitivity of the assay were also evaluated. Acid digestion was sufficiently accurate. Intra and inter-assay coefficients were less than 10 and 12 percent, respectively. Based on the recovery and recycling tests, the recovery percentage of the applied method was 90 to 110 percent which indicates an acceptable accuracy for this study. This method can digest the hair samples in an acidic environment and has enough efficiency to remove interfering and iodine releasing agents in the samples. Moreover, this method has sufficiently the precision, accuracy, and sensitivity required for the measurement of iodine in the hair samples. In addition, using of acidic digestion, reduces the risk of alkaline medium for digestion and the time of long-term ashing methods. It also increases the safety of the used method.
Morteza Naderi; Saeid Mohammadi; Neda Behdarvand
Volume 6, Issue 4 , June 2018, Pages 113-121
Abstract
Abstract Mitochondrial genes important tool in various studies in the fields of animal evolution, is phylogeography and phylogenetic. Based on the analysis carried out by sequencing mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene, five samples of Iranian jerboa and two Hotson's Jerboa from the Mirabad plains and Chupanan ...
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Abstract Mitochondrial genes important tool in various studies in the fields of animal evolution, is phylogeography and phylogenetic. Based on the analysis carried out by sequencing mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene, five samples of Iranian jerboa and two Hotson's Jerboa from the Mirabad plains and Chupanan in Naein, Isfahan Province, respectively, were sampled, it was found that the divergence between the two groups, but this degree of intraspecific divergence between the two species is not enough to lead to the divergence. However, concludes that different habitat conditions, different diet and feeding behavior induced evolutionary divergence and this process in the future, especially in the absence of gene flow between populations may lead to speciation. Extensive studies and more accurate than relying on other molecular markers such as microsatellites and nDNA is suggested.
