با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده پیرادامپزشکی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

چکیده

بیوفیلم یک اجتماع میکروبی پیچیده است که درون ماتریکس پلی‌ساکاریدی و یا پروتئینی محصور شده است. بیوفیلم می­تواند توسط میکروارگانیسم­هایی مانند قارچ­ها و باکتری­ها ایجاد شود. هم باکتری­های گرم مثبت و هم گرم منفی این توانایی را دارند. مقاومت باکتریایی ایجاد شده در فاز بیوفیلم به مواد ضدمیکروبی یک مسئله مهم جهانی است. بیوفیلم باکتریایی از جنبه­های مختلفی مانند بیماری­های وابسته به عفونت­های مزمن انسانی، پلاک دندان، عفونت اجسام خارجی مانند کاتترها، بیماری­های دامی و گیاهی و همچنین در واحد­های فرآوری مواد غذایی دارای اهمیت است. تخمین زده شده است که بیش از 80 درصد موارد عفونت انسانی مربوط به تشکیل بیوفیلم توسط باکتری مهاجم است. مطالعه حاضر به معرفی بیوفیلم باکتریایی و اهمیت آن می­پردازد. مقاومت باکتریایی در فاز بیوفیلم بحث می­شود و در انتها مکانیسم­های ضدبیوفیلمی شناخته شده بررسی می­گردند. همچنین با توجه به اهمیت ترکیبات گیاهی در درمان عفونت­های باکتریایی و توجه روزافزون محققان به آن­ها، تعدادی از مطالعات اخیر در زمینه­های مختلف کنترل بیوفیلم به وسیله ترکیبات گیاهی آورده شده است.
 

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