نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، دانشگاه فردوسی
چکیده
چکیده
سیستم اطلاعات مکانی (GIS) که علم و فناوری تجزیه و تحلیل دادههای مکانمرجع میباشد، توانایی تلفیق تعداد زیادی پارامتر را به صورت همزمان دارد. و این توانایی در کنار مبانی آماری مدلسازی مجموعهای مناسب را در اختیار اکولوژیستها برای اجرای مدلهای اکولوژیک قرار میدهد. یکی از این مدلهای اکولوژیکی که در امر مدیریت و حفاظت گونههای حیاتوحش بسیار مهم تلقی میگردد مدل های زیستگاه برای گونههای حیاتوحش است. بطور کلی مدل های زیستگاه در دو گروه مدلهای توزیع گونه و مدل های مطلوبیت زیستگاه جای می گیرند که امروزه بسیار مورد استقبال اکولوژیستها و زیستشناسان واقع شدهاند. این مدلها در واقع باعث معرفی آشیان بومشناختی گونهها میشوند که میتواند در حفاظت گونههای حیاتوحش به عنوان مثال مدیریت توزیع گونهها، ارزیابی اثرات فاکتورهای محیطی و انسانی مختلف (از قبیل آلودگی و اقلیم)، ارزیابی ریسک هجومهای بیولوژیکی و مدیریت گونههای در معرض خطر مؤثر واقع شود. بر این اساس در مطالعه حاضر سعی شد به مبانی مدلسازی زیستگاه و رویکردهای مختلف آن به عنوان ابزاری برای مدیران حیاتوحش پرداخته شود تا بتواند بستری را برای ارتقاء اقدمات حفاظتی در کشورمان فراهم سازد.
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