با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ‏و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده ‏منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران

3 گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ‏علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 گروه تنوع زیستی و مدیریت اکوسیستم ها، ‏پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، ‏تهران، ایران

10.30473/eab.2023.67107.1903

چکیده

استان لرستان، به‌عنوان یک منطقه عمدتاً کوهستانی، بخش مهمی از گستره پراکنش پلنگ را در غرب کشور در خود جای داده است. با این وجود، اطلاعات چندانی از پراکنش جغرافیایی پلنگ در این استان در دسترس نیست. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین زیستگاه‌های مطلوب پلنگ ایرانی با استفاده از یک رویکرد تلفیقی حاصل از هفت الگوریتم مختلف در سطح استان لرستان است. براساس نتایج، در حدود 41/6185 کیلومترمربع (85/21 درصد) از ناحیه محدوده به‌عنوان زیستگاه مطلوب پلنگ شناسایی شد. فاصله از مناطق حفاظت‌شده (30 درصد)، فاصله از روستا (29 درصد)، فاصله از زمین‌های کشاورزی (11 درصد)، مجموع بارندگی سالانه (8 درصد) و فاصله از جنگل (7 درصد) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین متغیرهای موثر بر انتخاب زیستگاه پلنگ شناسایی شدند. در حدود 49 درصد از گستره زیستگاه‌‌‌های مناسب توسط شبکه مناطق حفاظت شده پوشش داده شده است. تأسیس مناطق حفاظت‌شده و تکمیل شبکه حفاظتی به‌‌ویژه در زیستگاه‌های مطلوب از مهم‌ترین راهبردها در حفاظت از جمعیت‌های در خطر پلنگ‌‌ها هستند. گوشتخواران بزرگ، به‌‌دلیل گستره خانگی بزرگ، عمدتاً به لکه‌های زیستگاهی خارج از مناطق حفاظت شده و ارتباط بین این زیستگاه‌ها وابسته هستند. بنابراین، حفاظت از لکه‌‌های زیستگاهی و ارتباط بین آنها ضروری است. پایش و نظارت زیستگاه‌ها، استفاده از رویکردهای حفاظتی کارآمد و تقویت مشارکت جوامع محلی، از دیگر مسائل مهم هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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