Behzad* shareghi; Sakineh Sadeghi kaji
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Urease (urea amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.5) catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to produce ammonia and CO2. Kinetics studies have been performed using UV-vis spectrophotometer at 40oC and pHs 5.5, 7.2, 8. Result showed that urease inhibition by hydrogen peroxide is a kinetics pH-dependent, such that inhibition ...
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Urease (urea amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.5) catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to produce ammonia and CO2. Kinetics studies have been performed using UV-vis spectrophotometer at 40oC and pHs 5.5, 7.2, 8. Result showed that urease inhibition by hydrogen peroxide is a kinetics pH-dependent, such that inhibition is maximal on the condition of pH value 8 while the inhibitory effect hydrogen peroxide at pH 5.5 was minimum. The kinetic parameters Km and Vmax enzyme obtained from Lineweaver–Burk plot in absence of hydrogen peroxide was 4.52mM and 1.03mM.min-1 respectively .In presence of H2O2, increasing pH leads to decrease Vmax and km. The results showed that in pH 8, boric acid and β-mercaptho ethanol protected urease against hydrogen peroxide. Protectable of β-mercaptho ethanol is more than of boric acid. Such, the results demonstrates that 30 mM boric acid and β-mercaptho ethanol afforded to protect 80% and 90% of urease activity from the loss as compared to the respective control samples
Mehdi Babazadeh Mikola; Mehdi Soltani; Abolghasem Kamali; Mohammadreza Saeidi Asl
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 9-16
Abstract
These days, Scientsts search for cheap protein sources because of growthing of population.One of these sources is Single Cell Protein.This study deals with Single Cell Protein production process by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis .These yeast are known as the most ideal and ...
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These days, Scientsts search for cheap protein sources because of growthing of population.One of these sources is Single Cell Protein.This study deals with Single Cell Protein production process by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis .These yeast are known as the most ideal and practical eukaryotic microorganism in biological studies. In this survey we added the waste of Kilka fish meal factories (Stick water) in Mazandaran and analyzed physical and chemical factors in the lab.The yeast medium was YGB (Yest Extract Glucose Broth). It is used control medium and medium whitch has 50% and 100% Stick water in order to investigation of growthing yeast. Producted Organizem are analyzed for dry material percent,moisture,protein,ash and amino acid profile. In order to analyze of results, we used SPSS and ANOVA system. In this survey, the mount of Single Cell Protein production in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis was more than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. But we dident watch any obviously different between them.
Nabiallah Kheirabadi; Jafar Seyfabadi; Mahnaz Rabaniha; Fereidoon Owfi
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 17-29
Abstract
This study was conducted to survey distribution pattern and seasonal and spatial abundance of hermit crabs in six stations located in the intertidal zones of Hormuz Island. Sampling was conducted during four seasons. Hermit crabs were fixed in 70% ethanol and were transported to the laboratory. With ...
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This study was conducted to survey distribution pattern and seasonal and spatial abundance of hermit crabs in six stations located in the intertidal zones of Hormuz Island. Sampling was conducted during four seasons. Hermit crabs were fixed in 70% ethanol and were transported to the laboratory. With valid identification key, nine species in two families of hermit crabs were identified. SPSS, PAST, TAL (4.2) and R software were used for statistical analyses. ANOVA test using LSD showed that the abundance of identified species were significantly different among some of the stations (P < 0/05) but seasonal changes had no significant effect on abundance of the species. Cluster analysis showed that stations five and six had the highest likeness and station 4 had the highest difference with the other stations. This analysis also showed that summer had the highest difference in abundance of hermit crabs compared to other seasons. Also, comparison the frequency and distribution of the species in all seasons and stations with different measured environmental parameters (pH, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, slope and the overall structure of the substrate) showed that changes in abundance and distribution of hermit crabs dependents only the overall structure of the substrate and changes in other parameters dot not significantly change their frequency and distribution.
Batoul Adhami; Sakineh Yeganeh; Seyede Sara Jafari Kenari
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 31-37
Abstract
This investigation was conducted to replace artificial food with Gammarus and study this effect on survival and growth parameters of jewel in case of completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replicates in each treatments. 270 jewel fishes with initial mean weight of 1.22±0.72 were ...
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This investigation was conducted to replace artificial food with Gammarus and study this effect on survival and growth parameters of jewel in case of completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replicates in each treatments. 270 jewel fishes with initial mean weight of 1.22±0.72 were reared in 9 aquariums (30 fishes in each aquarium) with volume of 100 liter water. Experimental diets were including: 1) Gammarus 2) commercial pellet and Gamarus alternatively 3) commercial pellet (control diet). Fish were fed with the experimental diets to apparent satiation 4 times daily. At the end of experiment, growth parameters were estimated by the initial and final weight and hematology parameters were measured. Results showed significant differences for increased body weight and specific growth rate (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences for feed conversion ratio, conditional factor and survival rate between treatments (P>0.05). Increased body weight and specific growth rate was higher in control diet among treatments. Gammarus made significant differences on blood and biochemical factors such as hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCH, MCV, MCHC and triglyceride (P<0.05) but, red blood cells, white blood cells and total protein have not shown significant differences (P>0.05). Control diet had the higher value of hematocrit, hemoglobin, and triglyceride and lowest value of hematocrit and triglyceride was observed in Gammarus while hemoglobin was lowest in treatment 2. Diet containing commercial pellet and Gamarus alternatively had similar growth rate and some blood parameters than that of commercial pellet, so it could be useful for rearing ornamental fish and can considered as replacement by the part of commercial food, despite the fact that Gammarus could not cause to increase growth parameters as only feed.
Seyed Mohammad Mousavi; Amin Tabibi; Vahid Yavari; Mohammad Zakeri; Arash Jahedi; Hossein Pasha Zanoosi
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 39-50
Abstract
Gatan has distributed in the main rivers in Khoozestan province and there are few researches on propagation and reproductive system of this species. Therefore, this study has focused on using of activating solutions on sperm activity and fertilization capability in Gatan fish in comparison with Grass ...
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Gatan has distributed in the main rivers in Khoozestan province and there are few researches on propagation and reproductive system of this species. Therefore, this study has focused on using of activating solutions on sperm activity and fertilization capability in Gatan fish in comparison with Grass Carp. In this research, 5 activating solutions together with workshop water and distilled water were used in triplicate. After transferring of brood stocks to the propagation workshop and after hormontherapy, sperm and ovules were collected. Assessment of sperm activity was done and after mixing of sperm and ovules, activating solutions were used. After 12 hours of fertilization time, fertilization percentage was assessed. Based on results obtained from this study, the highest sperm activity and fertilization rate was seen in Gatan fish when a2 (Tris Hcl 20 mM, NaCl 50mM), a3 (CaCl2 2.5mM) and a4 (Tris Hcl 30 mM, KCl 30mM, NaCl 50mM) solutions were used and lowest sperm activity was seen when workshop water and distilled water were used in this species (P<0.001). Also, the highest sperm activity and fertilization rate was seen in Grass Carp when a2, a4 and 4030 solutions were used (P<0.001). Based on the results, finally it is revealed that the highest sperm activity and fertilization per cent among activating solutions has resulted from a2 activating solution combining from NaCl and Tris-Hcl in both fishes examined in this study which was led to increase of around seven times in sperm activity and around 20% in fertilization per cent.
Farid Firouzbakhsh; Farzaneh Vakili; Sekineh Yeganeh
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 51-59
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of various levels of dietary lactobacillus acidophilus as feed supplement on the growth performance, survival rate, hematological parameters and intestinal microbiota of guppy (Poecilia reticulata). For this purpose one-thousand and eight hundred ...
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The present study was performed to investigate the effects of various levels of dietary lactobacillus acidophilus as feed supplement on the growth performance, survival rate, hematological parameters and intestinal microbiota of guppy (Poecilia reticulata). For this purpose one-thousand and eight hundred guppy larvae with 7 mg mean weight in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates of L. acidophilus in the diet, including no bacteria (control), 1.5×107, 3×107, 6×107 CFU g-1(T2,T3,T4 respectively) were considered and fed for 16 weeks. The results showed that significant differences (P4 and control group. The highest amount of white blood cell count (9.70±0.1) was observed in 4 group and had significant different (P>0.05) with control (5.96±0.2). The highest amount of intestinal of Lactobacillus was observed in 4 group compared to other groups and control (PL. acidophilus (6×107 CFU g-1) have significant effect on growth and white blood cell count of guppy.
Somaye Azimi; Shahrokh Pashaei Rad
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 61-77
Abstract
Determination of Faunistic of Subfamily Syrphinae (Dip: Syrphidae) in Southern Half of Ardabil province Hoverflies (Syrphidae), are one of the biggest and the most important Family of order Diptera. The adult form of this family feed on flowers pollen and nectar. The larva of the most species are predator ...
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Determination of Faunistic of Subfamily Syrphinae (Dip: Syrphidae) in Southern Half of Ardabil province Hoverflies (Syrphidae), are one of the biggest and the most important Family of order Diptera. The adult form of this family feed on flowers pollen and nectar. The larva of the most species are predator and feed on aphids and play a significant role in biological control pests. A Faunistic investigation has been carried out in the Southern part of the Ardabil Province during 2012-2013.The adult flies are collected by sweeping nets,mounted and transferd to biosystematic research lab of Shahid Beheshti University.The specimens were identified using exist identification keys. The results pertain to 19 species belong to 11 genuses from 3 Tribe Syrphini , Paragini , Bacchini from sub family Syrphinae.
Syrphus vitripennis - Eupeodes corollae - Eupeodes luniger« - Eupeodes latifasciatus« - Xanthogramma pedissequum« - Sphaerophoria scripta - Sphaerophoria rueppellii - Episyrphus balteatus - Paragus hemorrhous« - Paragus tibialis« - Paragus albifrons« - Paragus quadrifasciatus - Parasyrphus nigritarsis« - Ischiodon scutellaris - Xanthandrus comtus«- Scaeva selenitica« - Scaeva pyrasteri - Scaeva albomaculata- Melanostoma scalare«
All species with one asterisk are recorded for the first time from Ardabil province.
Bahram Falahatkar; Khayam Delafkar; Masoud Sattari; Hossein Khara
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 79-96
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of two anesthetics, clove oil and ketamine, comparison of hematological parameters, and blood biochemical indices under optimum doses of the two anesthetics in juvenile Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus (n=276) with an average weight of 64.1 ± ...
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The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of two anesthetics, clove oil and ketamine, comparison of hematological parameters, and blood biochemical indices under optimum doses of the two anesthetics in juvenile Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus (n=276) with an average weight of 64.1 ± 3.4 g. Clove oil was used in concentrations of 14, 35, 56, 77, 98 and 119 mg/l, and those of 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, 45 and 50 mg/l for ketamine in three replicates. Both losing time of equilibrium and induced time of anesthesia were reduced by increasing the concentrations of these two agents, whereas time of recovery increased. Optimum doses regarding the time of anesthesia and recovery were obtained as 56 mg/l and 45 mg/l for clove oil and ketamine, respectively. There were significant decreases in hematological parameters for all treatments compared to control group (P<0.05). No significant changes were observed in cortisol, glucose, and lactate concentrations for fish treated with clove oil (P>0.05), whereas, fish exposed to handling stress showed significant changes in all biochemical indices (P<0.05). On the other hand, glucose concentration did not change significantly in ketamine treatment (P>0.05), but cortisol and lactate changed significantly (P<0.05). Considering appropriate efficacy of clove oil in both induction and recovery times, and rendering no changes in biochemical indices, clove oil would be recommended as an alternative to ketamine for this species during aquaculture practices.
Abdoljabbar Irani*; Abdolmajid Hajimoradlo; Naser Agh; Rasul Ghorbani
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 79-106
Abstract
Nitrification rate of biofilters is influenced by ammonia concentration and levels of ammonia vary in response to feeding time. On the other hand, existence and activity of different groups of bacteria can be expected in the biofilters. Hence in this research, nitrification dynamic of biofilters during ...
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Nitrification rate of biofilters is influenced by ammonia concentration and levels of ammonia vary in response to feeding time. On the other hand, existence and activity of different groups of bacteria can be expected in the biofilters. Hence in this research, nitrification dynamic of biofilters during day hours and also rules of different biofilteration process (nitrification, denitrification and anamox) in aerobic biofilters of Common carp recirculating aquaculture system were surveyed. To conduct of this research 12 pilot recirculating aquaculture systems with barley straw, wood chip, sponge and PVC pure pipe based biofilters were designed. After activation of biofilters, nitrification rates measured at day 46 and 61 in 4 hour interval and via sampling of granules from biofilters at day 62, nitrification, denitrification and anamox process were surveyed. Results indicated that nitrification rates were different during day hours, as so peak rates observed in related to feeding time. Nitrification rates in batch culture of granules were greater than maximum rates obtained for biofilters established in recirculating aquaculture systems and these granules showed not only nitrification but also denitrification and relatively anamox activities. In conclude by modifying the management of biobilters all biofilteration process of inorganic nitrogen wastes can be useful.
Narjes Sanchooli*; Hashem Khandan Barani; Abdolali Rahdari
Volume 5, Issue 3 , March 2017, Pages 107-116
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of the amino acid lysine on growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition of juvenile snow trout (Schizothorax zarudnyi). For this purpose, 150 fish with average weight 22.51±0.28 g fed with five levels of dietary amino ...
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of the amino acid lysine on growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition of juvenile snow trout (Schizothorax zarudnyi). For this purpose, 150 fish with average weight 22.51±0.28 g fed with five levels of dietary amino acid lysine including 0 (control), 7, 12, 17 and 22 g/kg diet, for 8 weeks. Fish fed two times daily at 3% body weight rate. At the end of feeding trial, growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition were recorded. Maximum final weight and body weight, best average daily gain, best specific growth rate and increase the relative weight were evident for 17 g/kg diet treatment. Maximum body protein content was obtained for 17 g/kg diet treatment. Body moisture, fat and ash content remained unchanged. Based on the above results, it may be concluded 17 g lysine per kg diet is optimal for the growth, feed efficiency and body composition of juvenile S. zarudnyi.
