Animal physiology
Kavous Eydivandi; Seyedeh Ommolbanin Ghasemian
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of high-intensity interval swimming training and resveratrol supplementation on the levels of JNK3 and FOXO3a proteins in the brain tissue of aged rats.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 40 aged Wistar rats obtained from ...
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Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of high-intensity interval swimming training and resveratrol supplementation on the levels of JNK3 and FOXO3a proteins in the brain tissue of aged rats.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 40 aged Wistar rats obtained from the Animal Care Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n=8 per group): control, training, supplement, training + supplement, and solution. The training groups underwent high-intensity interval swimming for six weeks, consisting of 14 swimming bouts of 20 seconds each, with 10 seconds of rest between sessions. Rats in the supplement and training + supplement groups received a daily dose of resveratrol at 10 mg/kg body weight via gavage.
Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference in the mean levels of JNK3 and FOXO3a proteins among the groups (P=0.0001). Pairwise comparisons showed significant differences in protein levels between the following group pairs: control vs. supplement, control vs. training, control vs. training+ supplement, solution vs. supplement, solution vs. training, solution vs. training+ supplement, supplement vs. training, and supplement vs. training+ supplement (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the training and training+ supplement groups regarding JNK3 (P= 0.99) and FOXO3a (P= 0.97) protein levels.
Conclusion: High-intensity interval swimming and resveratrol supplementation independently reduce the levels of JNK3 and FOXO3a proteins in the brain tissue of aged rats, suggesting potential neuroprotective effects.
pharmacology
Raheleh Pourbafrani; Majid Rajabian; Reza Hajihosseni
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and of chemotherapy is one the main treatments for this disease high systemic toxicity of Doxorubicin (Dox) at conventional does limits its clinical use. This study quantitatively assesses low-dose Dox cytotoxity on human breast cancer lines ...
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Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and of chemotherapy is one the main treatments for this disease high systemic toxicity of Doxorubicin (Dox) at conventional does limits its clinical use. This study quantitatively assesses low-dose Dox cytotoxity on human breast cancer lines (MCF-7, 4T1) versus normal CHO cells, determining the IC25. the goal is to develop targeted delivery systems that reduce advers effects and enhance therapeutic efficacy cells were exposed to Dox (0.1-0.5µM) for 24h. MTT assay quantified viability formazan in DMSO, A570 and A630nm was measured by a microplate reader. IC25 was calculated per cell line, with statistical significance assessed. Dose-depndent viability reduction observed significant difference between CHO and MCF-7 (P=0.0007) indicated selective cytotoxicity. MCF-7 showed highest sensitivility, then 4T1, with CHO more resistant. Specifically, at 0.5µMDox MCF-7 viability dropped to 75.24, 4T1 to 76.16 and CHO to 82.16 the determinate IC25 values confirmed Dox’s potent inhibitory activity at reduced concentrations, suggesting targeted delivery could unlock its full therapeutic potential by increasing local concentration and effectiveness. This research valieates Dox’s selective targeting of cancer cells at low doses IC25. finding support novel delivery systems minimizing patient toxicity and crucially, maximizing anti-cancer impact, paving the way for more effective breast cancer treatments.
Biochemistry
Shahriar Saeidian; Mona Motaharinia; Mona Khoramirad
Abstract
Telomeres, located at the ends of chromosomes, play a central role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating cellular aging. Telomere shortening is influenced by multiple factors, including cellular proliferation rate, oxidative stress, and telomerase activity. In this study, computational modeling ...
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Telomeres, located at the ends of chromosomes, play a central role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating cellular aging. Telomere shortening is influenced by multiple factors, including cellular proliferation rate, oxidative stress, and telomerase activity. In this study, computational modeling was employed to analyze telomere shortening dynamics in somatic cells and to investigate the effects of proliferation rate, oxidative stress, and telomerase activity on cellular aging. The proposed model successfully reproduced the general patterns observed in telomere shortening dynamics and showed agreement with the experimentally observed Hayflick limit. Sensitivity analysis indicated a strong effect of initial telomere length on replicative capacity. Model results demonstrated that the telomeric exhaustion index (tcrit) varies significantly across biological conditions. In somatic cells with low proliferation rates, tcrit was estimated at approximately 192, whereas in high-turnover tissues such as skin it was approximately 50, and in low-turnover tissues such as the heart it reached approximately 500. These values are interpreted as relative indicators of telomere-dependent replicative capacity consumption within the model framework and do not directly correspond to the lifespan of a single cell or the organism. In telomerase-deficient somatic cells, oxidative stress increased the telomere shortening rate by up to 15%, reducing tcrit to approximately 180. In contrast, in stem cells, tcrit increased to approximately 300, highlighting the protective role of telomerase in maintaining cellular replicative capacity. Overall, the findings support the concept that telomere shortening functions as a molecular biological clock in cellular aging and are consistent with experimental observations.
Animal physiology
Madineh Mardaninia; Saeid Valipour Chahardahcharic; Hamed Hosseinzadeh
Abstract
The liver enzymes are the liver health indicators in which their increase uncovers the liver damage. This experimental research was designed to examine the hydro-alcoholic extract' effect of M. officinalis plant on blood liver enzymes in the adult male rats, under the chronic stress. To do so, 40 male ...
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The liver enzymes are the liver health indicators in which their increase uncovers the liver damage. This experimental research was designed to examine the hydro-alcoholic extract' effect of M. officinalis plant on blood liver enzymes in the adult male rats, under the chronic stress. To do so, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly classified into the control, vehicle-treated, and three experimental groups that received chronic stress and treated with dosages of 25, 50 and 100 (mg/Kg) of M. officinalis extract. To induce chronic immobility stress, animals were daily placed in the restraint device for two hrs during 21 days. The plant extract was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before stress induction. After the deep anesthesia and blood sampling from the animals' hearts, the blood serum samples were taken to evaluate the liver enzymes' level. In the vehicle-treated group, AST, ALT, and ALP levels showed significant increases compared to the control group (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001, respectively). The M. officinalis extract at 50 mg/kg significantly reduced AST and ALP levels compared to the vehicle-treated group (p<0.001, p<0.05) and significantly reduced ALT levels compared to both vehicle-treated and control groups (p<0.001, p<0.05). Administration of 25 and 100 mg/kg of the extract significantly lowered ALT levels relative to the vehicle-treated group (p<0.001, p<0.01), while no significant changes were observed in the other two enzymes.As a conclusion, the medium dose of M. officinalis extract could reduce high level of the liver blood enzymes in this stress.
Fisheries
Behzad Rahnama; Narges Alishah; Hasan Nasrollahzadeh Saravi; Eisa Hajiradkouchak; Hasan Fazli; Matin Shakoori; Rahimeh Rahmati
Abstract
In this study, the biodiversity and ecological structure of fish communities in the Khersan River (southwest of Iran) were investigated seasonally during 1402-1403. A total of 755 fish belonging to 15 species and 5 families were identified, with the Cyprinidae family having the highest species richness ...
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In this study, the biodiversity and ecological structure of fish communities in the Khersan River (southwest of Iran) were investigated seasonally during 1402-1403. A total of 755 fish belonging to 15 species and 5 families were identified, with the Cyprinidae family having the highest species richness with 9 species. In order to evaluate the ecological status, Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Margalef, Berger-Parker, Fisher alpha and evenness indices were calculated. The highest Shannon index was observed at stations 3 (2.41) and 4 (2.39) and the lowest at station 2 (1.75). The Simpson index also showed the highest value at stations 3 (0.887) and 4 (0.887), indicating higher diversity and lower dominance of dominant species. Seasonal analysis of the indices showed that biodiversity and Taxa Richnesswere higher in spring and summer (with taxa index= 15) than in autumn and winter. The results of cluster analysis also confirmed the similarity of species structure between stations 3 and 4. The findings of the present study showed that the Khersan River has a relatively good fish species diversity, which can be justified by the highest values of biodiversity indices in the central parts (stations 3 and 4) and in the spring and summer seasons, along with the presence of key species such as Glyptothorax silviae, Squalius lepidus and Squalius cephalus. However, this biodiversity may be affected by natural and anthropogenic factors. The results of this study can be used in management decisions related to habitat protection and regulation of aquatic resource exploitation in the Khersan River.
