In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology

Document Type : Article

Author

Associate of Professor, Department of Plant ‎Protection, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre ‎Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) are one of the most important agricultural pests in fields, greenhouses and orchards which damage to various agricultural crops. Up on the conducted samplings through 2000-2004 in different regions of Guilan province on the base of collecting the whiteflies’ pupae from the host plants, 18 species including, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, 1915, Aleurochiton acerinus Haupt, 1934, Aleurolobus marlatti Quaintance, 1903, Aleurolobus moundi David & Subramaniam, 1976, Aleurolobus olivinus Silvestri, 1911, Aleyrodes elevatus Silvestri, 1934, Aleyrodes lonicerae Walker, 1852, Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus, 1758), Bemisia afer (Priesner & Hosny, 1934), Bemisia carpini (Koch, 1857), Bemisia mesasiatica Danzig, 1969, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889), Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead, 1885), ialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky, 1907), Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana, 1927), Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835), Trialeurodes packardi (Morrill, 1903) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856) were determined. The identified aleyrodids are belonging to nine genera, and all in the subfamily Aleyrodinae. In addition to introducing of aleyrodids of Guilan, identification key and host plants are given for all the species.

Keywords

Bink, F. (1979). Methods for mounting Aleyrodidae specimens. Entomologische Berichten; 39: 158-160.
Bink-Moenen, R. M. (1983). Revision of the African whiteflies (Aleyrodidae). Monografieen van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, Amsterdam; 10: 1-211.
Bink-Moenen, R. M. (1992). Whitefly from Medditerranean evergreen oaks (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Systematic Entomology; 17: 21-40.
Bink-Moenen, R. M.; Gerling, D. (1990). Aleyrodidae of Israel. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, Filippo Silvestri; 47: 3-49.
Brown, J. K.; Feohlich, D. R.; Rosell, R. C. (1995). The sweetpotato or silverleaf whiteflies biotypes of Bemisia tabaci or a species complex? Annual Review of Entomology; 40: 511-534.
Brown, P. A. (1997). A review of techniques used in the preparation, curation and conservation of microscope slides at The Natural History Museum, London. Special Supplement, The Curator, Issue; 10: 33 pp.
Byrne, D. N.; Bellows, T. S. (1991). Whitefly biology. Annual Review of Entomology; 36: 431-457.
Carver, M.; Reid, I. A. (1996). Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) of Australia, systematic catalogue, host plant spectra, distribution, natural enemies and biological control. Division of Entomology Technical Paper; No. 37, 55 pp.
Danzig, E. M. (1964). The whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) of the Caucasus. Entomologicheskoe Obozentie; 43: 633-646 [English translation in Entomological Review, Washington; 43: 325-330].
Danzig, E. M. (1966). The whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) of the Southern Primor’ye (Soviet Far East). Entomologicheskoe Obozentie; 45: 364-386 [English translation in Entomological Review, Washington; 45: 197-209].
Danzig, E. M. (1969). On the fauna of the whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) of Soviet central Asia and Kazakhstan. Entomologicheskoe Obozentie; 48: 868-880 [English translation in Entomological Review, Washington; 48: 552-559].
Demichelis, S., Bosco, D.; Manino, A. (2000). Distribution of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotypes in Italy. Canadian Entomologist; 132: 519-527.
Gerling, D. (1990). Whiteflies: their bionomics, pest status, and management, Andover, Intercept; 348 pp.
Ghahari, H.; Abd-Rabou, S.; Huang, J. (2013). Species diversity of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Lorestan province, Iran. Wuyi Science Journal; 29: 128-143.
Ghahari, H.; Abd-Rabou, S.; Ostovan, H.; Samin, N. (2007). Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and their host plants in Golestan province, Iran. Plant and Ecosystem; 12: 17-28. [in Persian, English summary]
Ghahari, H.; Abd-Rabou, S.; Zahradnik, J.; Ostovan, H. (2009). Annotated catalogue of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) from Arasbaran, northwestern Iran. Journal of Entomology & Nematology; 1(1): 7-18.
Ghahari, H.; Hatami, B. (2001). Faunistic and taxonomic surveys of whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Isfahan Province. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology; 69(1): 141-170.
Gill, R. (2012). A preliminary report on the World species of Bemisia Quaintance and Baker and its congeners (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) with a comparative analysis of morphological variation and its role in the recognition of species. Insecta Mundi; 0219: 1-99.
Kogan, M. (1998). Integrated pest management: Historical perspectives and contemporary developments. Annual Review of Entomology; 43: 243-70.
Martin, J. H. (1987). An identification guide to common whitefly pest species of the world (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Tropical Pest Management; 33(4): 298-322.
Martin, J. H. (1996). Neotropical whiteflies of the subfamily Aleyrodicinae established in the western Palearctic (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Journal of Natural History; 30: 1849-1859.
Martin, J. H. (1999). The whitefly fauna of Australia (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae). A taxonomic account and identification guide. CSIRO Entomology Technical Paper; No. 38, 197 pp.
Martin, J. H.; Mifsud, D.; Rapisarda, C. (2000). The whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. Bulletin of Entomological Research; 90: 407-448.
Mound, L. A. (1965). An introduction to the Aleyrodidae of western Africa (Homoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology); 17: 113-160.
Mound, L. A. (1966). A revision of the British Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Homoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology); 17: 399-428.
Palumbo, J. C.; Horowitz, A. R.; Prabhaker N. (2001). Insecticidal control and resistance management for Bemisia tabaci. Crop Protection; 20: 739-765.
Riley, D. G.; Ciomperlik, M. A. (1997). Regional population dynamics of whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and associated parasitoids (Hymenoptera). Annals of Entomological Society of America; 96(5): 1049-55.
Roush, R. T.; Tabashnik, B. E. (1990). Pesticide resistance in arthropods. Chapman and Hall, New York; 303 pp.
Shahbazvar, N.; Sahragard, A.; Manzari, S.; Hosseini, R.; Hajizadeh, J. (2010). A faunal study of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their parasitoids in Guilan province, Iran. Entomofauna; 17: 269-284.
van Emden, H. F. (1999). Transgenic host plant resistance to insects-some reservations. Annals of Entomological Society of America; 92(6): 788-797.
Vinson, S.B. (1999). Parasitoid manipulation as a plant defense strategy. Annals of Entomological Society of America; 92(6): 812-828.
Zarei, A.; Asgari, Sh. (2013). A study on the whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and their parasitoids in southern Tehran, Iran. Calodema; 267: 1-4.
Zarei, A.; Farhangian, S.; Monem, R. (2013). A study on the host plants of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in some regions of Tehran, Iran. Calodema; 265: 1-3.
Zarrabi, M. (1991). The aleyrodids fauna of Fars province. M.Sc thesis of Entomology, Shiraz University; 74 pp.