REFERENCES
Ballard, W.B.; Roney, K.E.; Ayres, L.A.; Larsen, D.A. (1990). Estimating Grizzly Bear Density in Relation to Development and Exploitation in Northwest Alaska. International Conference on Bear Research and Management; 405-413.
Bellemain, E.; Swenson, J.E.; Tallmon, D.; Brunberg, S.; Taberlet, P. (2005). Estimating population size of elusive animals using DNA from hunter-collected faeces: comparing four methods for brown bears. Conservetion Biology; 19 (1): 150-161.
Clevenger, A.P.; Purroy, F.J. (1996). Sign surveys for estimating trend of a remnant brown bear population in northern Spain. Wildlife Biology; 2: 275-281.
Dahle, B.; Swenson, J.E. (2003). Home ranges in adult Scandinavian brown bears Ursus arctos: effect of mass, sex, reproductive status, population density and habitat type. Journal of Zoology; 260: 329-335.
Dryver, A. L.; Chao, C. T. (2007). Ratio Estimators in Adaptive Cluster Sampling. Environmetrics; 18: 607-620.
Fahimi, H.; Yusefi, G.H.; Madjdzadeh, S.M.; Damangir, A.A.; Sehhati sabet, M.E.; Khalatbari, L. (2011). Camera traps reveal use of caves by Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus) (Mammalia: Ursidae) in southeastern Iran. Journal of Natural History, 45:37-38.
Gutleb, B.; Ziaie, H. (1999). On the distribution and status of the brown bear Ursus arctos and the Asiatic black bear U. thibetanus in Iran. Zoology in the Middle East; 18: 5-8.
Kendall, K.C.; Metzgar, L.H.; Patterson, D.A.; Steele, B.M. (1992). Power of sign surveys to monitor population trends. Ecological Applications; 2: 422-430
Keating, K.A.; Swartz, C.C.; Haroldson, M.A.; Moody, D. (2002). Estimating numbers of females with cubs-of-the-year in the Yellowstone grizzly bear population. Ursus; 13: 16-174.
Kolstad, M.; Mysterud, I.; Kvam, T.; Sorensen, O.J.; Wikan, S. (1986). Status of the brown bear in Norway; distribution and population 1978–1982. Biological Conservation; 38: 79-99.
Krebs, C.J. (1999). Ecological Methodology, (2nd edn.). Benjamin/ Cummings, Menlo Park, CA.
Krebs, C.J. (2001). Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distribution andAbundance, (5th edn.). Addison-Wesley, San Francisco, CA.
Lorenzini, R.; Posillico, M. (2000). DNA fingerprinting and brown bear conservation in Abruzzo-central Italy. Italian Journal of Zoology; 67: 326-327.
Sinclair, A.R.E.; Fryxell, J.M.; Caughley, G. (2006). Wildlife ecology, conservation, and management. 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing.
Mier, K.L.; Picquelle, S.J. (2008). Estimating abundance of spatially aggregated populations: comparing adaptive sampling with other survey designs; 64: 176-197
Nezami, B.; Farhadinia, M.S. (2011). Litter sizes of brown bears in the Central Alborz Protected Area, Iran. Ursus; 22(2): 167-171. (in Persian)
Philippi, T. (2005). Adaptive cluster sampling for estimation of abundances within local populations of low-abundance plants. Ecology; 85: 1091-1100.
Royle, J.A.; Nichols, J.D. (2003). Estimating abundance from repeated presence-absence data or point counts. Ecology; 84; 777-790.
Solberg, K.H.; Bellemain, E.; Drageset, O.M.; Taberlet, P.; Swenson, J.E. (2006). An evaluation of field and non-invasive genetic methods to estimate brown bear (Ursus arctos) population size. Biological Conservation; 128: 158 -168.
Smallwood, K.S.; Schonewald, C. (1998). Study design and interpretation of mammalian carnivore density estimates. Oecologia; 113: 474-491.
Swenson, J.E.; Wabakken, P.; Sandegren, F.; Bjarvall, A.; Franzen, R.; Soderberg, A. (1995). The near extinction and recovery of brown bears in Scandinavia in relation to the bear management policies of Norway and Sweden. Wildlife Biology; 1: 11-25.
Thompson, S.K. (1992). Sampling. Wiley-Interscience, New York.
Thompson, S.K. (1990). Adaptive Cluster Sampling. Journal of American Statistical Association; 85: 1054-1059.
Zarei, A. (2012). Den Ecology of Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) In Koh-Khom Area, Fars Province, WesternSouth of Iran. M.Sc Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Campus, Tehran. (in Persian)
Ziaie, H. (2008). A Field Guide to the Mammals of Iran, second Edition.
(in Persian)
Wesley, M.; Hochachka, K.M.; Doyle, F.; Krebs, C.J. (2000). Monitoring vertebrate populations using observational data. Can. Journal of Zoology; 78: 521-529.
Witmer, G.W. (2005). Wildlife population monitoring: some practical considerations. USDA National Wildlife Research Center-Staff Publications. Paper 70.