Evaluation of Antifungal and ‎Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils ‎of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Thymus ‎vulgaris and Salvia rosmarinus to Some ‎Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens of ‎Aquatic Animals

Hassani, Fredun; Abyavi, Tahere; Taheri Mirghaed, Ali; Payghan, Rahim; Alishahi, Mojtaba

doi:10.30473/eab.2023.62409.1863

Document Type : Article

Authors

¹ Ph.D. of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid ‎Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

² Professor, Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of ‎Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³ Professor, Department of clinical Sciences, Faculty of ‎Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.30473/eab.2023.62409.1863

Abstract

Extensive and long-term use of chemical compounds causes microorganisms ability to adapt with the antimicrobial agents used against them, reduced the effect of drugs, and in return make microbes resistant. Plant essential oils have been studied as antimicrobial and antifungal compounds in the pharmacology, microbiology and medicine fields. In this study, the essential oils of Ziziphora cliniopodiodes, Thymus vulgaris and Salvia rosmarinus to fungal pathogens including Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavusus, Saprolegnia spp., Fusarium spp., and bacteria pathogens including Streptococcus mitis, Lactococcus Garvieae, Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas hydrophila were examined. Evaluation of antifungal and antibacterial activity by Tube dilution method used for determine the minimum growth inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and fungicide (MFC). Based on the results of MIC and MFC, the highest antifungal properties were obtained for thyme essential oils to Aspergillus fumigatus (0.023 ± 0.015 and 0.046±0.03 μl/ml) and the lowest fungicidal property of rosemary essential oil against Aspergillus niger (1.66±0.72 and 3.33±1.44) were obtained and there was a significant difference with other treatments (P<0.05). According to the results of MIC and MBC, the lowest concentrations obtained against bacteria were related to the essential oil of Z. clinopodioides against Streptococcus mitis (0.016±0.005 and 0.033±0.011 μl/ml), which were obtained with essential oil of rosemary was significantly different (P<0.05). According to this study, essential oils of Z. clinopodioides, thyme and rosemary can be used to control and prevent fungal and bacterial diseases of Aquatic animals.

Keywords

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Experimental animal Biology

Evaluation of Antifungal and ‎Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils ‎of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Thymus ‎vulgaris and Salvia rosmarinus to Some ‎Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens of ‎Aquatic Animals

References

References

Volume 11, Issue 3 - Serial Number 43
February 2023
Pages 55-66

Evaluation of Antifungal and ‎Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils ‎of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Thymus ‎vulgaris and Salvia rosmarinus to Some ‎Fungal and Bacterial Pathogens of ‎Aquatic Animals

References

References

Volume 11, Issue 3 - Serial Number 43February 2023Pages 55-66

Volume 11, Issue 3 - Serial Number 43
February 2023
Pages 55-66