In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Society of Physiology and Pharmacology

Document Type : Article

Authors

1 Professor of Animal Biology, Islamic Azad University- science and research branch

2 Assistant Professor of Biology, Islamic Azad University- science and research branch

3 Lecturer of chemistry, Tehran University

4 M.Sc. Student of Animal Biology, Islamic Azad University- science and research branch

Abstract

Abstract
Increase in the use of nano zinc oxide in medicine, manufacturing cosmetic products and research, have raised the questions about their toxicity. Zinc has direct role in growth, maturation and ovulation through influence on production of estradiol and progesterone. In this study the effects of nano zinc oxide on oogenesis of adult NMRI mouse strain have been investigated. The adult female mice were randomly divided into six groups, including control, sham and four experimental groups. Experimental groups were injected nano-ZnO (50-100-150-300 mg/kgbw) Intraperito-neally, respectively for 3 days. After 7 day, histological changes of ovaries were studied. Data indicated increase of numbers of Graafian follicles and corpora lutea in 100 and 150 mg/kg bw doses. Increase in estradiol and progestron levels with increase on dose was observed. Data indicated increase of numbers of atretic follicles with decreased body weight in higher doses. Results indicated oogenesis under 100 and 150 doses nano-Zno has improved with enhancing the number of Graafian follicles and corpora lutea, and decrease of body weight and increase of number of atretic follicles under higher doses. The results also indicated that nano-Zno has toxic effects on reproductive organs in female animal.
 

Keywords

Abdel Monem, U.M., El-shahat, K.H. (2011). ،،Effect of different dietary levels of inorganic zinc oxide on ovarian activities, reproductive performance of egyption baladi ewes and growth of their lambs,,. Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 14(2): 116-123.
Baroli, B. (2008). ،،Nanoparticles & skin penetration. Are there any potential toxicological risks?,, J. Verbr. Lebansm. 3: 331-339.
Bernhardt, ML., Kim, AM., Halloran, T.V.O'., Woodruff, TK. (2011). ،،Zinc requirement during meiosis I-meiosis II transition in mouse oocytes is independent of the MOS-MAPK pathway,, Biol Reprod. 84: 526-536.
Bernhardt, ML., Kong, BY.; Kim, AM., 'Halloran, T.V.O., Woodruff, TKA. (2012). ،،Zinc-dependent mechanism regulates meiotic progression in mammalian oocytes,,. Biol Reprod. 19 86(4): 114.
Cañas, JE., Qi, B.,  Li, S., Maul,  JD., Cox, SB., Das, S., Green, MJ. (2011). ،،Acute and reproductive toxicity of nano-sized metal oxides (ZnO and TiO₂) to earthworms (Eisenia fetida)  ,,. J Environ Monit. 13(12): 3351-57.
Gosens, I., Post, JA., de la Fonte, L. JJ.  Jansen, E.H.J.M., Geus, J.W., Cassee, F.R., de Jong, WH. (2010). ،،Impact of agglomeration of nano-& submicron sized gold particles on pulmonary inflammation,,. part Fibre Toxico. l. 7: 37.
Gunson, DE., Kowalczyk, DF., Shoop, CR., Ramberg, CF.Jr., (1982). ،،Environmental Zinc and cadmium pollution associated with generalized osteochondrosis,,. osteoporosis and nephrocalcinosis in horses J AM Vet Med Assoc; 180: 295-9.
Kout EI-Kloub, ME., Hassan, RA., El-Ganzory, E.H., El-Abd, E.A. (2004). ،،Effect of different sources and levels of zinc on the performance of local laying hens,,. Egypt. Poult. Sci. 24: 369-85.
Kumar, PAW.,  Kumar, PAR., Deep, A., Lalit, M. (2013). ،،Bharadwaj. Synthesis and conjugation of ZnO nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin for biological applications,,. Nanosci. 3(2): 141-144.
Plum, LM. Rink, L., Haase, H. (2010). ،،The essential toxin: impact of zinc on human health,,. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health 7: 1342-65.
Prasad, AS. (2009). ،،Impact of the discovery of human zinc deficiency on health,,. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 28: 257-65.
Sohaebuddin, SK. Thevenot, PT., Baker, D., Eaton, JW., Tang,  L. (2010). ،،Natural Cytotoxicity is Composition, Size, and Cell type depenent,,. J.particle and Fibre Toxicology. 7(1): 22.
Tian, X., Diaz, F. (2012). ،،Zinc Depletion causes Multiple Defects in Ovarian function During the Perivulatory Period in mice,,. Endocrinology. 153(2): 873-86.
Wang, B., Feng, W., Wang, M., Wang, T., Gu, Y., Zhu, M., Ouyang, H., Shi, J., Zhang, F., Zhao, Y., Chai, Z., Wang, H., Wang, J. (2008). ،،Acute toxicological impact of nano- and submicro-scaledzinc zinc oxide powder on healthy adult mice,,. J Nanopart Res. 10: 263-76.
Wang, MQ., Tao, WJ., Ye, SS., Du, YJ.,  Wang, C., Shen, SX. (2012). ،،Effects of Dietary Pharmacological Zinc on Growth, Liver Metallothionein Cu, Zn-SOD Concentration and Serum Parameters in Piglets,,. J. Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(9): 1390-94.
Yah, CS., Simate, GS., Iyuke, SE., (2012). ،،Nanoparticles toxicity and their routes of exposures Pak,,. J. Pharm. Sci. 25(2): 477-91.
Yamasaki, S.; (2007). ،،Zinc is a novel intracellular second messenger,,. J. Cell Bio. 177: 637-45.
Yang, H. Liu, C., Yang, DF., Zhang, HS., Xi, ZG., (2009). ،،Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by four typical nanomaterials: the role of particle size, shape and composition,,. J. Appl Toxicol. 29: 69-78.
Yang, ST., Liu, JH., Wang, J., Yuan, Y., Cao, AN., Wang, HF., Liu, YF., Zhao, YL.  (2010). ،،Cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: importance of microenvironment,,. J. Nanosci Nanotechnol. 10: 8638-45.