Document Type : Article
Authors
- S. Pourmozaffar1* S. Pourmozaffar1*
- *, M. Nafisi Bahabadi *, M. Nafisi Bahabadi
- , A. A. Movahedinia , A. A. Movahedinia
- M. Mohammady M. Mohammady
- Kh. Pazir5 Kh. Pazir5
Abstract
Abstract
Thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of salinity adaptation on some growth factors, hematology and chloride cell changes in the gills of the rainbow trout within 60 days.Experimental groups include fresh water, varied salinities of 15, 20 and 25 parts per thousand (ppt) respectively. The results showed that increasing salinity was reduced daily growth and SGR but FCR increased (P
Keywords
Main Subjects
Altinok, IM.; Galli, S.; Chapman, FA.; (1998) Ionic and osmotic regulation capabilities of juvenile Gulf of Mexico sturgeon, (Acipenser oxyrinchus de sotoi). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 120: 609-616.
Amiri, A.; Sayyad Bourani, M.; Moradi, M.; Pourgholami, A.; (2008) The Effect of Water Salinity on Growth and Survival of Rutilus frisii kutum Fingerlings. Iranian Journal Fishery Science, 17: 23-30.
Arnesen, AM.; Jorgensen, EH.; Jobling, M.; (1993b) Feed intake, growth and osmoregulation in Arctic charr, (Salvelinus alpines L.), transferred from freshwater to saltwater at 8°C during summer and winter. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 12: 281-292.
Arnesen, AM.; Jorgensen, EH.; Jobling; M.; (1993a) Feed intake, growth and osmoregulation in Arctic charr, (Salvelinus alpines L.), following abrupt transfer from freshwater to more saline water. Aquaculture, 114: 327-338.
Ayson, FG.; Kaneko, T.; Hasegawa, S.; Hirano, T.; (1995) Cortisol stimulates the size and number of mitochondrionrich cells in the yolk-sac membrane of embryos and larvae of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 272: 419-425.
Bjerknes, V.; Duston, J.; Knox, D.; Harmon, P.; (1992). Importance of body size for acclimation of underyearling Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar L.) to seawater. Aquaculture, 104: 357-366.
Boutet, I.; LongKy, C.L.; Bonhomme, F.; (2006) A transcriptomic approach of salinity response in the euryhaline teleost, (Dicentrarchus labrax). Gene, 379: 40-50.
Caberoy, NB.; Quinitio, GF.; (2000) Changes in Na+-K+-ATPase activity & gill chloride cell morphology in the grouper (Epinephelus coioides) larvae and juveniles in response to salinity and temperature. Fish Physiology & Biochemistry, 23: 83-94.
Cataldi, E.; Di Marco, P.; Mandich, A.; Cataudella, S.; (1998) Serum parameters of Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii): effects of temperature and stress. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 121: 351-354.
Cioni, C.; De Merich, D.; Cataldi, E.; Cataudella, S.; (1991) Fine structure of chloride cells in freshwater and seawater adapted (Oreochromis niloticus) and (Orechromis mossambicus). Journal Fish Biology. 39: 197-209.
Dusan, P.; Claire, B.; Andreasen, DM.; Herolt, BW.; AMenzel, J.; (2007) Immunomodulatory effects of β-glucan on neutrophil function in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 30: 817-830.
Duston, J.; (1994) Effect of salinity on survival and growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr and smolts.
12
Aquaculture, 121: 115-124.
Fielder, DS.; Allan, GL.; Pepperall, D.; Pankhurst, PM.; (2007) The effects of changes in salinity on osmoregulation and chloride cell morphology of juvenile Australian snapper, (Pagrus auratus). Aquaculture, 272: 656-666.
Fontaine, YA.; Pisam, M.; Le Moal, C.; Rambourg, A.; (1995) Silvering & gill mitochondria rich cells in the Eel (Anguilla anguilla). Cell & Tissue Resarch, 281: 465-471.
Franklin, CE.; Forster, ME.; Davison, W.; (1992) Plasma cortisol and osmoregulatory changes in sockeye salmon transferred to sea water: comparison between successful and unsuccessful adaptation. Journal of Fish Biology, 41: 113- 122.
Gholampoor, E.; Imanpoor, MR.; Shabanpoor, B.; Hosseini, SA.; (2011) The Study of Growth Performance, Body Composition and Some Blood Parameters of (Rutilus frisii kutum) Fingerlings at Different Salinities. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 13: 869-876.
Haghighi M.; (2009) Fish hematology laboratory methods, 1rd ed:Tehran, Academic Press aquatic, 63-68.
Hedayati, SAA.; Bagheri, T.; Yavari, W.; Bahmani, M.; Alizadeh, M.; (2008) Examination of Some Biochemical Factors of Blood Serum in Beluga (Huso huso) Cultured in Brackish Water. Journal Biology Iran, 4: 658-666.
Hwang, PP.; Hirano, R.; (1985) Effects of environmental salinity on intercellular organization and junctional structure of chloride cells in early stages of teleost development. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 236: 115-126.
Imsland, AK.; Gústavsson, A.; Gunnarsson, S.; Foss, A.; Árnason, J.; Arnarson, I.; Arnar, F.; Smáradóttir, H.; Thorarensen, H.; (2008) Effects of reduced salinities on growth, feed conversion efficiency and blood physiology of juvenile Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Aquaculture, 274: 254-259.
Iranian Fisheries Office of Budget and Planning. (2012) Statistical Yearbook of Fisheries. Fisheries organization. P 64.
Jamily, SH.; (1993) Determine the effect of salinity on growth and survival rate of fish. Iranian Fisheris Journal, 2: 45-50.
Jarvis, PL.; Ballantyne, JS.; (2003) Metabolic responses to salinity acclimation in juvenile shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser revirostrum). Aquaculture, 219: 891-909.
Kaneko, T.; Katoh, F.; (2004) Functional morphology of chloride cells in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) a euryhaline teleost with seawater preference. Fish Science, 70: 723-733.
Kelly, SP.; Chow, INK.; Woo, NYS.; (1999b) Haloplasticity of Black Seabream (Mylio macrocephalus): Hypersaline to Freshwater Acclimation. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 283: 226-241.
Khodabandeh, S.; Shahriari Moghaddam, M.; Abtahi, B.; (2009) Changes in Chloride Cell Abundance, Na+, K+-ATPase Immunolocalization and Activity in the Gills of Golden Grey Mullet, (Liza aurata), Fry During Adaptation to Differend Salinities. Yakhteh Medical Journal 11: 49-54.
Laiz-Carrión, R.; Guerreiro, PM.; Fuentes, J.; Canario, AVM.; Martín del Río, MP.; Mancera, JM.; (2005) Branchial osmoregulatory response to salinity in the gilthead sea bream,(Sparus auratus). Journal of Experimental Zoology, 303: 557-563.
Lee, KM.; Kaneko, T.; Katoh, F.; Aida, K.; (2006) Prolactin gene expression and gill chloride cell activity in fugu (Takifugu rubripes) exposed to a hypoosmotic environment. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 149: 285-293.
MacLeod, MG.; (1977) Effects of salinity on food intake, absorption and
13
conversion in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Marine Biology, 43: 93-102.
Madsen, SS.; McCormick, SD.; Young, G.; Endersen, JS.; Nishioka, RS.; Bern, HA.; (1994) Physiology of seawater acclimation in the striped bass, (Morone saxatilis) Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 13: 1-11.
Marshall, W.; Bryson, SE.; (1998) Transport mechanisms of seawater teleost chloride cells: an inclusive model of a multifunctional cell. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 119: 97-106.
Maxime, V.; Peyraud-Waitzenegger, M.; Claireaux, G.; Peyraud, C.; (1990) Effects of rapid transfer from sea water to fresh water on respiratory variables, blood acid- base status and 02 affinity of haemoglobin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 160: 31- 39.
McCormick, SD.; (2001) Endocrine control of osmoregulation in teleost fish. American Zoologist, 41: 781-794.
McKay, LR.; Gjerde, B.; (1985) The effect of salinity on growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 49: 325-331.
Mojazi Amiri, B.; Baker, DW.; Morgan, JD.; Brauner, CJ.; (2009) Size dependent eurly salinity tolerance in two sizes of juvenile White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). Aquaculture, 286: 121-126.
Movahedinia, AA.; Savari, A.; Morovvati, H.; Kochanian P.; Marammazi, JG.; Nafisi, M., (2009) The Effects of Changes in Salinity on Gill Mitochondria-Rich Cells of Juvenile Yellowfin Seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). Journal of Biological Sciences, 9: 710-720.
Nafici Bahabadi, M.; (2006) Practical Guide to Hatching and culture rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 2rd ed: Bandarabbas, Babdarabbas university, 180-183.
Nafici Bahabadi, M.; Soltani, M.; Falahati Marvast, A.; (2012) Effect salinity on growth performance and blood biochemical factors on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Science Kharazmi University, 9(4): 625-641.
Overton, JL.; Mark, B.; Helge, P.; Tobias, W.; (2008) Salinity tolerance of cultured Eurasian perch, (Perca fluviatilis L.) Effects on growth and on survival as a function of temperature. Aquaculture, 277: 282-286.
Pereira, BF.; Flavio Henrique, C.; (2009) Histochemical technique for the detection of chloride cells in fish. Micron, 40: 783-786.
Synderman, CJ.; (1990) Principale diseases of marine fish and shell fish, Harcount Brace Jovanovich Publishers, London, England, 516 p.
Uchida, K.; Kaneko, T.; Yamauchi, K.; Hirano, T.; (1996). Morphometrical Analysis of Chloride Cell Activity in the Gill Filaments and Lamellae and Changes in Na+/K+- ATPase Activity During Seawater Adaptation in Chum Salmon Fry. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 276: 193-200.
Verdegem, MCJ.; Hilbrands, AD.; Boon, H.; (1997) Influence of Salinity and Dietary Composition on Blood Parameter Values of Hybrid Red Tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus)× (O.mossambicus Peters). Aqua Research, 28: 453-459.
Woo, PTK.; Leatherland, JF.; Lee, MS.; (1987) Cryptobia salmositica. Cortisol increases the susceptibility of rainbow trout (Salmo bairdneri susceptibility of rainbow trout (Salmo bairdneri richardson) to experimental cryptobiosis. Journal of fish Diseases, 10: 75-83.
Yagi, H.; Ceccald, HJ.; (1990) Combined influence of temperature and salinity oxygen consumption of the larval of the pink shrimp (Palaemon sersatus). Aquaculture, 86: 77-92.
Yoshikawa, JSM.; McCormick, SD.; Young, G.; Bern, H.; (1993) Effects of salinity on
14
chloride cells and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the teleost (Gillichthys mirabilis). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 105: 311-317.
Zeitoan, IH.; Ullrey, DE.; Tack, PI.; (1974) Effects of Water Salinity and Dietary Protein Levels on Total Serom Protein and Hematocrit of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fingerlings. Fish Research, 31: 1133-1134.
Amiri, A.; Sayyad Bourani, M.; Moradi, M.; Pourgholami, A.; (2008) The Effect of Water Salinity on Growth and Survival of Rutilus frisii kutum Fingerlings. Iranian Journal Fishery Science, 17: 23-30.
Arnesen, AM.; Jorgensen, EH.; Jobling, M.; (1993b) Feed intake, growth and osmoregulation in Arctic charr, (Salvelinus alpines L.), transferred from freshwater to saltwater at 8°C during summer and winter. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 12: 281-292.
Arnesen, AM.; Jorgensen, EH.; Jobling; M.; (1993a) Feed intake, growth and osmoregulation in Arctic charr, (Salvelinus alpines L.), following abrupt transfer from freshwater to more saline water. Aquaculture, 114: 327-338.
Ayson, FG.; Kaneko, T.; Hasegawa, S.; Hirano, T.; (1995) Cortisol stimulates the size and number of mitochondrionrich cells in the yolk-sac membrane of embryos and larvae of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 272: 419-425.
Bjerknes, V.; Duston, J.; Knox, D.; Harmon, P.; (1992). Importance of body size for acclimation of underyearling Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar L.) to seawater. Aquaculture, 104: 357-366.
Boutet, I.; LongKy, C.L.; Bonhomme, F.; (2006) A transcriptomic approach of salinity response in the euryhaline teleost, (Dicentrarchus labrax). Gene, 379: 40-50.
Caberoy, NB.; Quinitio, GF.; (2000) Changes in Na+-K+-ATPase activity & gill chloride cell morphology in the grouper (Epinephelus coioides) larvae and juveniles in response to salinity and temperature. Fish Physiology & Biochemistry, 23: 83-94.
Cataldi, E.; Di Marco, P.; Mandich, A.; Cataudella, S.; (1998) Serum parameters of Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii): effects of temperature and stress. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 121: 351-354.
Cioni, C.; De Merich, D.; Cataldi, E.; Cataudella, S.; (1991) Fine structure of chloride cells in freshwater and seawater adapted (Oreochromis niloticus) and (Orechromis mossambicus). Journal Fish Biology. 39: 197-209.
Dusan, P.; Claire, B.; Andreasen, DM.; Herolt, BW.; AMenzel, J.; (2007) Immunomodulatory effects of β-glucan on neutrophil function in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 30: 817-830.
Duston, J.; (1994) Effect of salinity on survival and growth of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr and smolts.
12
Aquaculture, 121: 115-124.
Fielder, DS.; Allan, GL.; Pepperall, D.; Pankhurst, PM.; (2007) The effects of changes in salinity on osmoregulation and chloride cell morphology of juvenile Australian snapper, (Pagrus auratus). Aquaculture, 272: 656-666.
Fontaine, YA.; Pisam, M.; Le Moal, C.; Rambourg, A.; (1995) Silvering & gill mitochondria rich cells in the Eel (Anguilla anguilla). Cell & Tissue Resarch, 281: 465-471.
Franklin, CE.; Forster, ME.; Davison, W.; (1992) Plasma cortisol and osmoregulatory changes in sockeye salmon transferred to sea water: comparison between successful and unsuccessful adaptation. Journal of Fish Biology, 41: 113- 122.
Gholampoor, E.; Imanpoor, MR.; Shabanpoor, B.; Hosseini, SA.; (2011) The Study of Growth Performance, Body Composition and Some Blood Parameters of (Rutilus frisii kutum) Fingerlings at Different Salinities. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 13: 869-876.
Haghighi M.; (2009) Fish hematology laboratory methods, 1rd ed:Tehran, Academic Press aquatic, 63-68.
Hedayati, SAA.; Bagheri, T.; Yavari, W.; Bahmani, M.; Alizadeh, M.; (2008) Examination of Some Biochemical Factors of Blood Serum in Beluga (Huso huso) Cultured in Brackish Water. Journal Biology Iran, 4: 658-666.
Hwang, PP.; Hirano, R.; (1985) Effects of environmental salinity on intercellular organization and junctional structure of chloride cells in early stages of teleost development. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 236: 115-126.
Imsland, AK.; Gústavsson, A.; Gunnarsson, S.; Foss, A.; Árnason, J.; Arnarson, I.; Arnar, F.; Smáradóttir, H.; Thorarensen, H.; (2008) Effects of reduced salinities on growth, feed conversion efficiency and blood physiology of juvenile Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Aquaculture, 274: 254-259.
Iranian Fisheries Office of Budget and Planning. (2012) Statistical Yearbook of Fisheries. Fisheries organization. P 64.
Jamily, SH.; (1993) Determine the effect of salinity on growth and survival rate of fish. Iranian Fisheris Journal, 2: 45-50.
Jarvis, PL.; Ballantyne, JS.; (2003) Metabolic responses to salinity acclimation in juvenile shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser revirostrum). Aquaculture, 219: 891-909.
Kaneko, T.; Katoh, F.; (2004) Functional morphology of chloride cells in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) a euryhaline teleost with seawater preference. Fish Science, 70: 723-733.
Kelly, SP.; Chow, INK.; Woo, NYS.; (1999b) Haloplasticity of Black Seabream (Mylio macrocephalus): Hypersaline to Freshwater Acclimation. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 283: 226-241.
Khodabandeh, S.; Shahriari Moghaddam, M.; Abtahi, B.; (2009) Changes in Chloride Cell Abundance, Na+, K+-ATPase Immunolocalization and Activity in the Gills of Golden Grey Mullet, (Liza aurata), Fry During Adaptation to Differend Salinities. Yakhteh Medical Journal 11: 49-54.
Laiz-Carrión, R.; Guerreiro, PM.; Fuentes, J.; Canario, AVM.; Martín del Río, MP.; Mancera, JM.; (2005) Branchial osmoregulatory response to salinity in the gilthead sea bream,(Sparus auratus). Journal of Experimental Zoology, 303: 557-563.
Lee, KM.; Kaneko, T.; Katoh, F.; Aida, K.; (2006) Prolactin gene expression and gill chloride cell activity in fugu (Takifugu rubripes) exposed to a hypoosmotic environment. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 149: 285-293.
MacLeod, MG.; (1977) Effects of salinity on food intake, absorption and
13
conversion in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Marine Biology, 43: 93-102.
Madsen, SS.; McCormick, SD.; Young, G.; Endersen, JS.; Nishioka, RS.; Bern, HA.; (1994) Physiology of seawater acclimation in the striped bass, (Morone saxatilis) Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 13: 1-11.
Marshall, W.; Bryson, SE.; (1998) Transport mechanisms of seawater teleost chloride cells: an inclusive model of a multifunctional cell. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 119: 97-106.
Maxime, V.; Peyraud-Waitzenegger, M.; Claireaux, G.; Peyraud, C.; (1990) Effects of rapid transfer from sea water to fresh water on respiratory variables, blood acid- base status and 02 affinity of haemoglobin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 160: 31- 39.
McCormick, SD.; (2001) Endocrine control of osmoregulation in teleost fish. American Zoologist, 41: 781-794.
McKay, LR.; Gjerde, B.; (1985) The effect of salinity on growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 49: 325-331.
Mojazi Amiri, B.; Baker, DW.; Morgan, JD.; Brauner, CJ.; (2009) Size dependent eurly salinity tolerance in two sizes of juvenile White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). Aquaculture, 286: 121-126.
Movahedinia, AA.; Savari, A.; Morovvati, H.; Kochanian P.; Marammazi, JG.; Nafisi, M., (2009) The Effects of Changes in Salinity on Gill Mitochondria-Rich Cells of Juvenile Yellowfin Seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). Journal of Biological Sciences, 9: 710-720.
Nafici Bahabadi, M.; (2006) Practical Guide to Hatching and culture rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 2rd ed: Bandarabbas, Babdarabbas university, 180-183.
Nafici Bahabadi, M.; Soltani, M.; Falahati Marvast, A.; (2012) Effect salinity on growth performance and blood biochemical factors on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Science Kharazmi University, 9(4): 625-641.
Overton, JL.; Mark, B.; Helge, P.; Tobias, W.; (2008) Salinity tolerance of cultured Eurasian perch, (Perca fluviatilis L.) Effects on growth and on survival as a function of temperature. Aquaculture, 277: 282-286.
Pereira, BF.; Flavio Henrique, C.; (2009) Histochemical technique for the detection of chloride cells in fish. Micron, 40: 783-786.
Synderman, CJ.; (1990) Principale diseases of marine fish and shell fish, Harcount Brace Jovanovich Publishers, London, England, 516 p.
Uchida, K.; Kaneko, T.; Yamauchi, K.; Hirano, T.; (1996). Morphometrical Analysis of Chloride Cell Activity in the Gill Filaments and Lamellae and Changes in Na+/K+- ATPase Activity During Seawater Adaptation in Chum Salmon Fry. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 276: 193-200.
Verdegem, MCJ.; Hilbrands, AD.; Boon, H.; (1997) Influence of Salinity and Dietary Composition on Blood Parameter Values of Hybrid Red Tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus)× (O.mossambicus Peters). Aqua Research, 28: 453-459.
Woo, PTK.; Leatherland, JF.; Lee, MS.; (1987) Cryptobia salmositica. Cortisol increases the susceptibility of rainbow trout (Salmo bairdneri susceptibility of rainbow trout (Salmo bairdneri richardson) to experimental cryptobiosis. Journal of fish Diseases, 10: 75-83.
Yagi, H.; Ceccald, HJ.; (1990) Combined influence of temperature and salinity oxygen consumption of the larval of the pink shrimp (Palaemon sersatus). Aquaculture, 86: 77-92.
Yoshikawa, JSM.; McCormick, SD.; Young, G.; Bern, H.; (1993) Effects of salinity on
14
chloride cells and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the teleost (Gillichthys mirabilis). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 105: 311-317.
Zeitoan, IH.; Ullrey, DE.; Tack, PI.; (1974) Effects of Water Salinity and Dietary Protein Levels on Total Serom Protein and Hematocrit of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fingerlings. Fish Research, 31: 1133-1134.
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