Payame Noor University Experimental animal Biology 2322-2387 11 4 2023 05 22 Investigating the effect of high and short-term doses of ‎oxymetholone on the ovaries of mature and imature female mice ‎of the NMRI breed Investigating the effect of high and short-term doses of ‎oxymetholone on the ovaries of mature and imature female mice ‎of the NMRI breed 109 116 10137 10.30473/eab.2023.68023.1910 FA Naeimeh Dehghani Department of biology, Payame ‎Noor University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-4939-818X Journal Article 2023 05 26 Oxymetholone is a 17-alpha- alkamine and a synthetic derivative of testosterone, which is obtained through the methylation of the 17-alpha carbon and the saturation of the 5-alpha carbon of testosterone. Oxymetholone is an anabolic-androgenic steroid which is used for the treatment of  anemia caused by severe bone marrow weakness and the prevention of the consequences of hereditary angioedema or the treatment of growth delay which of course is used in bodybuilding to increase muscle volume and strength. Considering the harmful effects on this drug on the body, we decided to determine the effects of oxymetholone on the oogenesis of NMRI mice. For this, was injected(12mg/kg/day) interaperitoneally to mice in 6 and 4 weeks age in one  periods of 35 days. The results showed that the significant difference between treatment and control groups was observed( P<0.05). This teratogenic effects involved: decrese in ovarian weight, decrese in ovarian diameter, decrese in number of Corpuse luteum, increase of primordial follicles, decrese of primary follicles, decrese of growing follicles, decrese of graaf follicles, decrese in number of atretic follicle, decrese of granolosa layer diameter and decrese in progestron. Additionally in some experimental case, the disorder in formation of granolosa layers and don’t formation of corna radiate layers, disordering of ovule medulla and formation of two oocyte in one follicle were observed. The results showed that the use of this drug in the experimental group will have a negative effect on ovarian growth and ovulation. Oxymetholone is a 17-alpha- alkamine and a synthetic derivative of testosterone, which is obtained through the methylation of the 17-alpha carbon and the saturation of the 5-alpha carbon of testosterone. Oxymetholone is an anabolic-androgenic steroid which is used for the treatment of  anemia caused by severe bone marrow weakness and the prevention of the consequences of hereditary angioedema or the treatment of growth delay which of course is used in bodybuilding to increase muscle volume and strength. Considering the harmful effects on this drug on the body, we decided to determine the effects of oxymetholone on the oogenesis of NMRI mice. For this, was injected(12mg/kg/day) interaperitoneally to mice in 6 and 4 weeks age in one  periods of 35 days. The results showed that the significant difference between treatment and control groups was observed( P<0.05). This teratogenic effects involved: decrese in ovarian weight, decrese in ovarian diameter, decrese in number of Corpuse luteum, increase of primordial follicles, decrese of primary follicles, decrese of growing follicles, decrese of graaf follicles, decrese in number of atretic follicle, decrese of granolosa layer diameter and decrese in progestron. Additionally in some experimental case, the disorder in formation of granolosa layers and don’t formation of corna radiate layers, disordering of ovule medulla and formation of two oocyte in one follicle were observed. The results showed that the use of this drug in the experimental group will have a negative effect on ovarian growth and ovulation. https://eab.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_10137_db963f4670afca794c8fee9c888a3ca6.pdf