Fisheries
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 December 2013
Abstract
In this study acute toxicity (96h LC50) of EDTA has been carried out in laboratory conditions in 2011 fall for rainbow trout. The experiments were conucted for 96h with standard method (O.E.C.D). LC50 values of EDTA at 96 h were 2231 mgl-1, to the rainbow trout. Then, individuals with a body weight of ...
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In this study acute toxicity (96h LC50) of EDTA has been carried out in laboratory conditions in 2011 fall for rainbow trout. The experiments were conucted for 96h with standard method (O.E.C.D). LC50 values of EDTA at 96 h were 2231 mgl-1, to the rainbow trout. Then, individuals with a body weight of 51 ± 12 g and length 18.5 ± 2.1 cm were selected for six groups (five test group and control group). Onchorhychus mykiss were exposed to 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 and 2100 mgl-1 of EDTA. Fish were exposed for 96 h. The experiments periods were controlled water physicochemical factors such as: pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen and temperature. For analysis of all data SPSS software program was used. Haematology results show that exposure to EDTA causes an increase in leucocyte count (WBC), notrophil, eosinophil, monocyte and a decrease in haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (HCT) and lymphocyte (P0.05). The results showed that exposure to low concentrations of EDTA causes changes in some haematological parameters of rainbow trout and may weaken the fish immune system.
Fisheries
seyedeh abedi; mohammad khalesi; Sohrab Eskandari
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 December 2013
Abstract
This research aimed at comparison of chromium bioaccumulation patterns in skin, gills, scales, liver and muscle of two widely-consumed fishes: scaled common carp Cyprinus carpio and scaleless catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus. First, lethal concentration (96 h LC50) of chromium as well as its toxicity ...
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This research aimed at comparison of chromium bioaccumulation patterns in skin, gills, scales, liver and muscle of two widely-consumed fishes: scaled common carp Cyprinus carpio and scaleless catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus. First, lethal concentration (96 h LC50) of chromium as well as its toxicity factor (TF) was determined for each species. For bioaccumulation trial, the two species exposed to sublethal concentrations (10% of LC50 values) of Cr at separate triplicate treatments for 15 days. The examined tissues from each species were sampled at days 7 and 15 of the experiment. Following chemical digestion, each tissue was analyzed by atomic absorption unit (Model Thermo) to measure chromium concentration. According to the results, Almost all differences in bioaccumulations between the two species and the controls were significant (p < 0.05). Concentration of chromium in common carp was in the form of gills> liver> skin> scales> muscle, and accumulation in catfish was in the form of liver> muscle> skin> gills. Final entire contents of Cr in the catfish's tissues were 3.65 times, than in the carp’s (excluding the scales). In addition, the catfish's muscle amassed 16.15 times greater amounts of Cr.The results of this investigation indicate that the carp's scaled armature, compared to the scaleless skin of the catfish, adsorbs metal toxicants leading to much lesser metals content in the muscle rendering this tissue rather safer for comestible consumption.
Fisheries
Elham Abdzadeh; Fatemeh Nazarhaghighi
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 02 December 2013
Abstract
To evaluate the levels of cortisol, glucose and other possible indicators of goldfish ,Carassius auratus, in response to stress, in the first experiment, Bisphenol A (0.5 mg/L), Naphthalene (200 μg/L) and Butachlor (60%) (0.28 µg/L) were added to the aquariums water for two weeks. In the second experiment, ...
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To evaluate the levels of cortisol, glucose and other possible indicators of goldfish ,Carassius auratus, in response to stress, in the first experiment, Bisphenol A (0.5 mg/L), Naphthalene (200 μg/L) and Butachlor (60%) (0.28 µg/L) were added to the aquariums water for two weeks. In the second experiment, intra-peritoneal injections of Bisphenol A, Naphthalene and Butachlor,with dose 50 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 20 μL on the body weight of fish were performed. On the fifth day and the end of the experiment (fifteenth day) as well as 48 hours after injection, blood sampling from caudal vein was taken and levels of cortisol, glucose, total protein and blood plasma were measured inorganic phosphorous. The results showed that the cortisol and glucose levels on day 5, there was a significant difference between control and Butachlor treatments (P 0.05). Comparing the results of the analysis of blood plasma in the fifth and fifteenth days of experiment, it was found that levels of cortisol and glucose in the treatment Butachlor had significantly different together within two periods (P
Fisheries
Soheil Eagderi
Abstract
This study was conducted to survey the morphological variation in four populations of the Urmia kingfish (Alburnus atropatenae) using geometric morphometric technique. A total number of 163 specimens were collected from four rivers of the Urmia Lake basin including the Baneh, Saghezchai, Siminehrood ...
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This study was conducted to survey the morphological variation in four populations of the Urmia kingfish (Alburnus atropatenae) using geometric morphometric technique. A total number of 163 specimens were collected from four rivers of the Urmia Lake basin including the Baneh, Saghezchai, Siminehrood and Zarinehrood by electrofishing. The left side of specimens were photographed using a digital camera. Then fifteen homologous landmark points were selected and digitized on 2D pictures using tpsDig2 software. Landmark data after GPA, analyzed using PCA, CVA with obtained P-value from permutation test and cluster analysis. The patterns of population’s body shape were illustrated in relation to consensus configuration of all specimens. The results showed a significant differences between the body shape of studied populations. Based on cluster analysis, the studied populations according to their body shape were divided into Baneh clad and Saghezchai, Siminehrood and Zarinehrood clade. The Baneh, Saghezchai, and Siminehrood populations have deeper body and are distinguishable due to smaller head, posterior position of eye and shorter base of dorsal fin, respectively and Zarinehrood population was differentiable due to a more fusiform body shape and less body depth. These morphological differences can display ongoing evolutionary trends of studied populations as result of environmental conditions of their habitats and geographical isolation.
Fisheries
Majid Pasandideh; Reza Pasandideh
Abstract
In aquaculture, disease prevention through elimination, eradication and cultural control are inefficient, costly and unstable solutions. Breeding programs for genetic improvement of disease resistance lead to a long-term sustainable disease control. Mass selection of survivors in contaminated ponds is ...
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In aquaculture, disease prevention through elimination, eradication and cultural control are inefficient, costly and unstable solutions. Breeding programs for genetic improvement of disease resistance lead to a long-term sustainable disease control. Mass selection of survivors in contaminated ponds is a classic method for improving disease resistance. In this method, by collecting survivors from virus-infected pools and selecting after several generations, an increase in survival rate is created. Another method is to use a disease challenge test, which exposes different families to live virus and selects the best families. Modern genetic approaches for disease resistance include the use of microsatellite markers, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), Genomic selection (GS) and CRISPR, which are reviewed in this article. Microsatellite markers are used for genotyping of breeding stock and monitor the genetic diversity of populations. GWAS to survey genotype-phenotype association lead to the identification of genomic regions affecting disease resistance. GS is the most advanced method for use in aquaculture breeding programs. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and transgenesis by antimicrobial peptide genes (AMGs) have been found to be effective on the innate immune system of fish. Development of lines resistant to specific diseases and crossing them to produce hybrids are available solutions, and producing disease-resistant transgenic fish is a prospect for improving disease resistance in aquatic animals.
Fisheries
Azam Ghorbannia Delavar; Saeed Alinejad Moallem
Abstract
Diazenone is one of the most important organospheric pesticides that is widely used in agriculture and homes to control insects in the soil, plants and other crops. Diazenone is used to control plant pests in many agricultural fields that are located near fresh water sources, It is common.Therefore, ...
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Diazenone is one of the most important organospheric pesticides that is widely used in agriculture and homes to control insects in the soil, plants and other crops. Diazenone is used to control plant pests in many agricultural fields that are located near fresh water sources, It is common.Therefore, in this research, the effect of agricultural poison diazenon was investigated by calculating LC50 on blood parameters and lactobacilli in the intestine of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis. In this experiment, fish were exposed to different concentrations of diazenon poison for 15 days. The amount of blood parameters of red and white blood cells and the presence of lactobacillus species were investigated in 6 treatments with 3 repetitions over a period of 15 days. Then, blood sampling and sampling from the intestines of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis were done. The results showed that the hematological indices of Red carp exposed to different doses of diazenon poison showed a significant decrease in RBC and WBC with increasing poison concentration (p<0.05). Also, the results showed that in all different doses of diazenon poison, the lack of growth of Lactobacillus bacteria compared to the control group on MRS agar culture medium had significant differences (p<0.05). Finally, it can be mentioned that the use of intestinal and blood Lactobacillus samples to investigate the microbial and hematological indicators of Sargandeh carp can be used as biomarkers for measuring and tracking the effects of diazenon poison in aquatic communities.
Fisheries
Habibollah Sadeghi; Arash Shakouri; Mohammad Mohammadi
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the diet of Pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) caught by pot during the sampling seasons in the Konarak fishing ground located in the Sistan and Baluchestan province. Tiger squid samples were collected for biological studies in the period from October to January 2021. ...
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This study aimed to investigate the diet of Pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) caught by pot during the sampling seasons in the Konarak fishing ground located in the Sistan and Baluchestan province. Tiger squid samples were collected for biological studies in the period from October to January 2021. Based on the obtained data, the highest number was recorded in January (113 specimens), and the highest ranges of length (18.2-2.41 cm) and weight (426.17-17.3886 grams) were recorded in October. Based on the results of non-linear regression between length and weight, the values of a, b, and R2 parameters were 0.17038, 2.6962, and 0.9842, respectively. The highest Fulton index was obtained in December (0.93) and the lowest index was obtained in October (0.64). The highest value of the GaSI index was observed in December (1.02) and the lowest value was observed in November (0.7). Also, the highest SFI index was observed in January (0.535) and the lowest in November (0.31). The changes in the ESR index also showed that this index was 68% in October, 57% in November, 34% in December, and 41% in January. Based on the results of gastric dilatation, the highest state of the empty stomach (53%) and three-quarter dilation (13%) were observed in October. Also, most one-quarter dilation (18%), one-half dilation (24%), and full stomach (22%) were observed in January. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the nutritional status of Pharaoh Cuttlefish caught by fishing trap in the Konarak in different sampling (P<0.05). Also, they have a varied diet (Fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and other digested materials) during different sampling months.
Fisheries
Zaniar Ghafouri; Soheil Eagderi; Hadi Poorbagher
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the sexual dimorphism of Cyprinion macrostomum in the Little Zab River using traditional and geometric morphometric methods. For this purpose, during 2021, 37 specimens (21 females and 16 males) were collected using an electrofishing device. After determining the ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the sexual dimorphism of Cyprinion macrostomum in the Little Zab River using traditional and geometric morphometric methods. For this purpose, during 2021, 37 specimens (21 females and 16 males) were collected using an electrofishing device. After determining the sex of the collected specimens, 18 morphometric characteristics were measured using a digital caliper. Also, to extract body shape data in geometric method, photographs were taken from the left sides of both males and females. Then, 16 landmark-points were digitized in tpsDig2 software. The extracted data were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), T.tests and Mann-Whitney.The results of discriminant function analysis (DFA) and T-test of the body shape showed a significant difference between males and females (P<0.05). The males have more body depth, posterior snout, and shorter caudal peduncle length than the females. Males and females had significant differences in 8 morphometric traits (P<0.05). The results of the present study confirmed the performance of traditional and geometric morphometric methods in the differentiation of the C. macrostomum sexes.
Fisheries
Madat Balouch; Seraj Bita; Nazanin Ghorbani Ranjbari
Abstract
The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the biometric factors, length and weight relationship, frequency percentage of length and weight groups, and identification of food groups consumed in Alepes djedaba fish caught from the coast of Makkoran. For this purpose, 120 samples of ...
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The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the biometric factors, length and weight relationship, frequency percentage of length and weight groups, and identification of food groups consumed in Alepes djedaba fish caught from the coast of Makkoran. For this purpose, 120 samples of Alepes djedaba were collected from the three catchment areas of Ramin, Haft Tir and Tis in Makkoran coast located in Sistan and Baluochistan province seasonally from autumn 2019 to summer 2020. The prepared fishes were caught by traditional fishing boats. After the fishes were prepared and transferred to the laboratory, the biometric characteristics, including the total length and body weight, were measured and the pattern of growth was determined. In the next step, in order to identify the food items, the contents of the digestive system were separated and identified. The results of the present study showed that the Alepes djedaba caught in the Makkoran coast in different seasons have different length and weight ranges. The average total length and weight of the fish were 28.00±4.68 cm and 311.18±12.00 gr, respectively. Based on the results, the value of b in the length-weight relationship to determine the growth pattern did not show a significant difference with the number 3 (p>0.05), which indicates isometric growth in this species. Food items identified in the stomach contents of this species included fish and crustaceans. According to the food items identified in the digestive system of the studied fish, it seems that this species is an advanced predator that is at the top of the food chain. Therefore, despite the differences in the composition of the population of food items in each environment, this fish feeds on a relatively constant diet including various types of fish and small crustaceans. From the obtained results, it can be stated that this species is carnivorous and its growth is isometric, and in different seasons of the year, different length and weight groups of this fish are caught in the Makkoran coast.
Fisheries
Reza Dehghan; Mohammad Khalesi; Sohrab Kohestan Eskandari
Abstract
Beluga (Huso huso) is one of the most important commercial fish in the Caspian Sea, whose reproduction and breeding, as well as caviar extraction, are of special importance. This study was conducted to investigate the morphological analysis for non-invasive sex determination in this sturgeon species ...
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Beluga (Huso huso) is one of the most important commercial fish in the Caspian Sea, whose reproduction and breeding, as well as caviar extraction, are of special importance. This study was conducted to investigate the morphological analysis for non-invasive sex determination in this sturgeon species to replace the invasive methods in the event of appropriate outcomes. A total of 180 fish were biometried at the Sea Abzigostaran Center, Sari, within 2 weeks. The samples were then photographed and the photos were analyzed by the TPS (transection processing system) technique for sex determination. The ANOVA test showed homogeneity of morphormetric data. Leven's test showed that all the morphometric traits had uniform variances (P ≥ 0.05). The analysis of the distinctive function for morphometric traits indicated that 100% of both male and female beluga samples displayed their characteristics. Overall, the results of this test revealed that on average 100% of the males and females were grouped accurately, which indicates the separation of the sexes based on this test. The UPGMA dendrogram for morphological traits based on the mean correlation showed that the samples of beluga were partially distinguished from each other by gender. However, the TPS technique could distinguish the male and female beluga samples, thus, it could be considered a non-invasive method for the sex determination of sturgeon fish.
Fisheries
Abdoljabbar Irani
Abstract
In this study, rainbow trout diploid, triploid, and tetraploid were comparatively investigated regarding the growth performance, survival rate, and erythrocyte characteristics. For the triploid production, the fertilized eggs received 26.5 ℃ thermal shock under three treatments: 1. double ...
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In this study, rainbow trout diploid, triploid, and tetraploid were comparatively investigated regarding the growth performance, survival rate, and erythrocyte characteristics. For the triploid production, the fertilized eggs received 26.5 ℃ thermal shock under three treatments: 1. double 1-min shock after 15 and 30 min of the fertilization, 2. one 15-min shock after 15 min of the fertilization, and 3. one 12-min shock after 20 min of the fertilization. Tetraploidy was induced by application of 28 ℃ thermal shock under three treatments: 1. 10-min shock after 59 degree-hours of the fertilization, 2. 10-min shock after 66 degree-hours of the fertilization, and 3. 10-min shock after 72 degree-hours of the fertilization. The best triploidization results, 66.6% survival rate and 87% triploidization rate, achieved by application of 12-min shock after 20 min of the fertilization. The best tetraploidization results, 54.9% survival rate and 7.94% triploidization rate, achieved by application of 10-min shock after 59 degree-hours of the fertilization. There were no significant differences between the triploid and diploid fish, wheras the tetraploids showed significantly lower growth rate than the diploids. In conclusion, in this study, triploid and tetraploid production of rainbow trout were improved, and application of erythrocyte cell size as a reliable and efficient polyploidy detection method was emphasized.
Fisheries
Mojtaba Ghorbanpour delavar; Shayan Ghobadi; Saber Vatandoust; Hamed Manouchehri; Reza Changizi
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are one of the most widely used compounds among nanoparticles that have wide applications in various fields and thus increase their release into the environment and their potential impact on various organisms, especially aquatic organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Nanoparticles ...
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Metal oxide nanoparticles are one of the most widely used compounds among nanoparticles that have wide applications in various fields and thus increase their release into the environment and their potential impact on various organisms, especially aquatic organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Nanoparticles have high chemical and biological reactivity by increasing their surface to volume ratio, which leads to increased production of free radicals. The produced free radicals disrupt the oxidation and natural regeneration of the body's cells and cause oxidative damage in organisms and many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effect of nickel nanoparticles in Carassius auratus that could open a new horizon in relation to the challenges in aquatic environments. The study groups include the control group and the treatment group with nickel nanoparticles. Each treatment with three replications each included 12 fish per replication. At the end of the period, liver samples were isolated and collected for oxidative damage. Total antioxidant levels, MDA, glutathione and the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase were measured in all groups. The results showed that treatment with nickel oxide nanoparticles decreased the level of total anti oxidants and increased the level of MDA in the group treated with nickel oxide nanoparticles. These results showed strong evidence of inducted of cellular oxidative stress induced by exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles. Also, by comparing the control treatments and the treatment of nickel oxide nanoparticles, it can be concluded that long-term exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles can aggravate oxidative damage to fish liver tissue.
Fisheries
Bita Seraj; Mesbah Mehrzad; Paria Akbari
Abstract
In this study, in addition to the LC50 and the maximum allowable concentration, effects of silver nanoparticles on several of immune and blood serum enzymes parameters of Barbus grypus were determined For this purpose, 240 shirbut, to investigate the effects of sub lethal toxicity were divided as follows-control ...
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In this study, in addition to the LC50 and the maximum allowable concentration, effects of silver nanoparticles on several of immune and blood serum enzymes parameters of Barbus grypus were determined For this purpose, 240 shirbut, to investigate the effects of sub lethal toxicity were divided as follows-control treatment (G1), the concentration LC50 1% (0.012 mg/L AgNP) (G2), concentration LC50 2% (0.025 mg/L AgNP) (G3) and concentration LC50 4% (0.05 MG/L AgNP) (G4) and concentration LC50 8% (0.1 Mg/ L AgNP) (G5). Then on days zero, 7, 14 and 21 immune responses and serum enzymes (ALT, LDH, SGOP, SGPT) in Barbus grypus were measured. In the study, WBC counts increased significantly (P<0.05) in G2, G3, G4 and G5 treatments compared to control (G1). Serum anti-bacterial activity was enhanced in G3 in twenty first day and G4 and G5 in 14th and 21s days in compared to control. Serum lysozyme activity enhanced significantly (P<0.05) in (G4) in 14th and (G5) 14th and 21s in days compared to control. ALT and LDH Level decreased significantly in (G2), (G3), (G4) and (G5) treatments in 21s day compared to control. SGPT level decreased significantly in (G2), (G3), (G4) and (G5) in 21s day compared to control. SGOT level decreased significantly in (G3), (G4) and (G5) treatments in 21s day compared to control. According to the results of this study concentrations toxicity of nano silver increased immune responses and serum enzymes.
Fisheries
S. Pourmozaffar1* S. Pourmozaffar1*; *, M. Nafisi Bahabadi *, M. Nafisi Bahabadi; , A. A. Movahedinia , A. A. Movahedinia; M. Mohammady M. Mohammady; Kh. Pazir5 Kh. Pazir5
Volume 2, Issue 4 , March 2014, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
Abstract Thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of salinity adaptation on some growth factors, hematology and chloride cell changes in the gills of the rainbow trout within 60 days.Experimental groups include fresh water, varied salinities of 15, 20 and 25 parts per thousand (ppt) respectively. ...
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Abstract Thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of salinity adaptation on some growth factors, hematology and chloride cell changes in the gills of the rainbow trout within 60 days.Experimental groups include fresh water, varied salinities of 15, 20 and 25 parts per thousand (ppt) respectively. The results showed that increasing salinity was reduced daily growth and SGR but FCR increased (P
Fisheries
M Alizadeh; R Patimar; A Abdoli; M Farhangi; H Adineh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , March 2014, , Pages 15-25
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine regional variation in growth characteristics and age structure of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Southern Caspian Sea basin from April to June 2011. A total of 958 specimens from 3 areas including: Golestan (area 1), Mazandaran (area 2) and Guilan(area ...
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This study was conducted to determine regional variation in growth characteristics and age structure of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Southern Caspian Sea basin from April to June 2011. A total of 958 specimens from 3 areas including: Golestan (area 1), Mazandaran (area 2) and Guilan(area 3) were collected. In southern Caspian basin, the total length and weight of specimens ranged 22.00-30.00 cm and 138.62-347.70 g, respectively.The ages ranged from 0+ to 5+ years for males and from 0+ to 6+ years for females in all sampling areas. Parameters of von Bertalanffy growth function were different between males and females of each area and between the same sexes of different areas. The largest L∞ was found in the area 3 for female (L∞=38.97 cm).According to b values obtained, both sexes (except males of station 1) show a positive allometric growth. The highest values of condition factor were observed for males in early June. The result indicates that higher value of growth rate was for females.
