Animal physiology
Seyed Reza Pourrabie
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are two important factors in Alzheimer's disease. Many cellular changes, such as oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and mitochondrial disorders are also seen in Alzheimer's ...
Read More
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are two important factors in Alzheimer's disease. Many cellular changes, such as oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and mitochondrial disorders are also seen in Alzheimer's disease, which lead to neuronal death. Kaempferol, one of the plant flavonoids derived from the chamomile plant, has important effects on disorders related to brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease due to the production of antioxidants.In this study, the effects of chamomile plant flavonoids on memory disorders in Alzheimer's rats were studied. For prepare and purify kaempferol, the hydroalcoholic extract of the collected chamomiles, and quantitative-qualitative analysis of the chemical substances of the chamomile extract using gas chromatograph connected to mass spectrometer (GC/MS) method were used. In this study, we used of 56 adult male rats were divided into 7 groups including control - vehicle 1 (kaempferol solvent) - vehicle 2 (streptozotocin drug solvent) - Alzheimer's - kaempferol 120mg/kg - kaempferol 250mg/kg - kaempferol 400mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Kaempferol were administered for 15 days. The shuttle box device was used to measure memory and learning, and the delay time in the shuttle box was recorded. The results were analyzed by SPSS 22 software, ANOVA and Tokay tests. The significance of the data difference was considered at the p ≤ 0.05 levels. The results of the data analysis showed that the doses of 400 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg of kaempferol of chamomile plant significantly increased the delay time in entering the dark section at p≤0.001 compared to the control group and improved spatial memory in rats. Which does this effect is probably due to the presence of compounds such as quercetin and phytoestrogens. Also, oxidative stress parameters were significantly reduced in Alzheimer's groups treated with chamomile flavonoids (P < 0.001) . The results of the experiments show that plant flavonoids are able to restore the spatial memory and oxidative stress parameters of the groups treated with streptozotocin to normal levels.
Davoud Fazli; Aliakbar Malekirad
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cytotoxic agents that lead to significant oxidative damage. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a contaminant toxic, oxidative and estrogenic effects. Purslane is a promising natural product, which could be useful for the prevention of chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. In ...
Read More
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cytotoxic agents that lead to significant oxidative damage. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a contaminant toxic, oxidative and estrogenic effects. Purslane is a promising natural product, which could be useful for the prevention of chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. In this study 49 adult male rats (250 10g) were divided randomly in 7 groups (n=7): Control, Sham (500 ug corn oil\Kg BW), Toxin group (500ug BPA\kg BW), Positive control (100mg purslane hydroalcoholic extract\kg BW) and 3 purslane treated groups (500ug BPA + 50,100&150 mg purslane\kg BW). All injections are done by i.p rout in 14 consequently days. At the end of administration time (14 day) all animals were anesthetized with Chloral hydrate and sacrificed, then liver samples isolated to preparing tissue homogenates for measure antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT, TAC, GPX and MDA. Data are analyzed in SPSS statistical software by one way ANOVA with Tukey posttest. Analyzed data showed that MDA, TAC, CAT, GSH and GPX measures are modified in purslane treated groups compared to the bisphenol A group which indicates that the portulaca oleracea extract can improve the hepatotoxicity of bisphenol A induced.
Fisheries
Mojtaba Ghorbanpour delavar; Shayan Ghobadi; Saber Vatandoust; Hamed Manouchehri; Reza Changizi
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are one of the most widely used compounds among nanoparticles that have wide applications in various fields and thus increase their release into the environment and their potential impact on various organisms, especially aquatic organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Nanoparticles ...
Read More
Metal oxide nanoparticles are one of the most widely used compounds among nanoparticles that have wide applications in various fields and thus increase their release into the environment and their potential impact on various organisms, especially aquatic organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Nanoparticles have high chemical and biological reactivity by increasing their surface to volume ratio, which leads to increased production of free radicals. The produced free radicals disrupt the oxidation and natural regeneration of the body's cells and cause oxidative damage in organisms and many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effect of nickel nanoparticles in Carassius auratus that could open a new horizon in relation to the challenges in aquatic environments. The study groups include the control group and the treatment group with nickel nanoparticles. Each treatment with three replications each included 12 fish per replication. At the end of the period, liver samples were isolated and collected for oxidative damage. Total antioxidant levels, MDA, glutathione and the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase were measured in all groups. The results showed that treatment with nickel oxide nanoparticles decreased the level of total anti oxidants and increased the level of MDA in the group treated with nickel oxide nanoparticles. These results showed strong evidence of inducted of cellular oxidative stress induced by exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles. Also, by comparing the control treatments and the treatment of nickel oxide nanoparticles, it can be concluded that long-term exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles can aggravate oxidative damage to fish liver tissue.
Fereshteh Keshavarzian; Abdolhassan Doulah; Maryam Rafieirad
Abstract
Parkinson is a chronic and widespread neurodegenerative disorder. In this study, the effects of swimming exercise and oleuropein supplementation on oxidative stress of brain tissue in experimental model of Parkinson's disease in rat were investigated. In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar ...
Read More
Parkinson is a chronic and widespread neurodegenerative disorder. In this study, the effects of swimming exercise and oleuropein supplementation on oxidative stress of brain tissue in experimental model of Parkinson's disease in rat were investigated. In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats were selected and divided into five groups including: control group, Parkinson's group, swimming exercise, oleuropein consumption, swimming exercise with oleuropein consumption. The groups were forced to swim for 4 weeks (five sessions per week for 30 minutes each session) and groups 4 and 5 received 20 mg of oleuropein daily per kilogram of body weight orally for 4 weeks. Serum levels of the variables were evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests (p≥0.05). In this study, oleuropein-Parkinson, swimming exercise-Parkinson, and swimming exercise with oleuropein-Parkinson consumption significantly decreased Malondialdehyde levels, significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity and thiol compared to Parkinson's group (P<0/001). Swimming exercise with oleuropein consumption can improve antioxidant defense and decrease lipid peroxidation. Therefore, this interactive effect may necessitate more therapeutic and preventive treatment to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases.
