Kianoosh Zarrinkavyani; Heshmatola Khosravinia; Gholamreza Shahsavari
Abstract
Four hundred forty 1-d- old male neonate broiler chicks were transported over 1200 km on road to investigate the effects of subcutaneous injection of diazepam on blood glucose level, proportional decrease in live weight, yolk sac weight, breast weight and certain behavioral attributes. For this purpose, ...
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Four hundred forty 1-d- old male neonate broiler chicks were transported over 1200 km on road to investigate the effects of subcutaneous injection of diazepam on blood glucose level, proportional decrease in live weight, yolk sac weight, breast weight and certain behavioral attributes. For this purpose, 9 behavioral parameters of birds were measured in 4 sections of the trip. By killing and capturing 8 birds from each treatment at the end of each section of the journey, the physiological parameters were measured. Increased journey duration resulted in linear or nonlinear enhanced live weight and breast loss as well as yolk sac resorption in neonate chicks (p < 0.05). Diazepam at both doses induced prompt sedation within few seconds post injection. Chicks received diazepam injection demonstrated muscle relaxation leading to reduced behaviors involving greater muscular activity. Frequency of moderate- and high-energy demanding behaviors were low to moderate in melatonin-injected chicks. No indication showed greater glucose levels in serum may lead to increased frequency of moderate- or high demanding behavioral attributes. In conclusion, diazepam exerted a range of effects in unpremeditated behavior in broiler chicks during transportation over 1200 km on road. Diazepam was able to reduce high-energy demanding or increase low- or moderate-energy demanding behavioral attributes.
Parvin Sadeghi; Naghimeh Kesalkhe
Volume 6, Issue 2 , December 2017, , Pages 27-34
Abstract
The aim of the present study was investigated the evaluation of the Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) Toxicity of Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) and its effect on behavioral responses of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus). For this experiment, healthy of gray mullet with mean weight 7.42 g and mean length 6.51cm were ...
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The aim of the present study was investigated the evaluation of the Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) Toxicity of Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) and its effect on behavioral responses of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus). For this experiment, healthy of gray mullet with mean weight 7.42 g and mean length 6.51cm were captured from the Chabahar Bay. At the first, fish were exposed to ZnCl2 at several selected concentrations 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 ppm for rang finding test, then fish exposed to four concentrations 16, 17, 18 1nd 19 mg/L of Zncl2 for LC50-96h. Experiment was carried out in triplicate and 21 fish per each treatment. Physicochemical properties of water were measured continuously throughout the experiment. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and salinity were 30 ◦C, 7.75, 8.25 mgO2 L-1 and 38 ppt respectively. Number of mortality and behavioral responses of fish were recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The behavioral changes observed in fish at the experiment period included reversal, swimming on water surface, nervous manifestations, swallowing air, rapid opening and closing of the operculum, congestion and bleeding of mouth, gills and fish fins and slow down motility change of body coloration and increased of mucus secretion. LC50 of zinc chloride value was calculated with spss and probit analysis and was determined to be 17.33 mg/L in a static bioassay test system.
