Kianoosh Zarrinkavyani; Heshmatola Khosravinia; Gholamreza Shahsavari
Abstract
Four hundred forty 1-d- old male neonate broiler chicks were transported over 1200 km on road to investigate the effects of subcutaneous injection of diazepam on blood glucose level, proportional decrease in live weight, yolk sac weight, breast weight and certain behavioral attributes. For this purpose, ...
Read More
Four hundred forty 1-d- old male neonate broiler chicks were transported over 1200 km on road to investigate the effects of subcutaneous injection of diazepam on blood glucose level, proportional decrease in live weight, yolk sac weight, breast weight and certain behavioral attributes. For this purpose, 9 behavioral parameters of birds were measured in 4 sections of the trip. By killing and capturing 8 birds from each treatment at the end of each section of the journey, the physiological parameters were measured. Increased journey duration resulted in linear or nonlinear enhanced live weight and breast loss as well as yolk sac resorption in neonate chicks (p < 0.05). Diazepam at both doses induced prompt sedation within few seconds post injection. Chicks received diazepam injection demonstrated muscle relaxation leading to reduced behaviors involving greater muscular activity. Frequency of moderate- and high-energy demanding behaviors were low to moderate in melatonin-injected chicks. No indication showed greater glucose levels in serum may lead to increased frequency of moderate- or high demanding behavioral attributes. In conclusion, diazepam exerted a range of effects in unpremeditated behavior in broiler chicks during transportation over 1200 km on road. Diazepam was able to reduce high-energy demanding or increase low- or moderate-energy demanding behavioral attributes.
Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini; Davood Mehrabani; Yasaman Avazpour; Maryam RafieiRad
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are observed to increase at anxiety and different stressful situations. This augmentation is driven by stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which can threaten physical and mental health in long-term. Thus, this study compared the effects of diazepam and currant hydroalcoholic ...
Read More
Glucocorticoids are observed to increase at anxiety and different stressful situations. This augmentation is driven by stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which can threaten physical and mental health in long-term. Thus, this study compared the effects of diazepam and currant hydroalcoholic extract on serum corticosterone level in adult male rat. In this reserch, 48 adult male mice were used in 6 groups of 8 animals, including the control (no treatment), Sham (receiving water) and 4 experimental groups receiving doses of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg from currant hydroalcoholic extract and 1 mg/kg of diazepam by gavage. After 15 days, rats perceived stress in elevated plus maze, after which corticosterone level was measured in the serum of the blood collected from their heart. Results were statically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. The results showed that the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg from currant extract significantly increases (P≤0.05) and diazepam significantly decreases (P≤0.01) the corticosterone levels, serum. Diazepam reduced corticosterone levels in serum by affecting the benzodiazepine receptors and facilitating inhibitory effect of GABA while currant extract increased it probably by stimulating noradrenergic pathways.
