نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
چکیده
آلودگی یک مشکل جهانی با عواقب بسیار خطرناک است. فلزات سنگین یک گروه مهم از این آلایندهها هستند که در اثر فعالیتهای انسانی و منابع طبیعی وارد اکوسیستمهای آبی میشوند و سلامت جانوران و سیستم را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهند. در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثر غلظت تحت کشنده فلز سرب (30 روز تحت غلظت 3 میلیگرم بر لیتر) بر فعالیت آنزیمهای استیلکولیناستراز (AChE)، آلکالینفسفاتاز (ALP)، آلانینآمینوترانسفراز (ALT)، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز (AST) و لاکتات دهیدروژناز (LDH) در بافت مغز، آبشش، عضله و کبد ماهی سفیدک سیستان پرداخته شد. نتایج نشان داد سرب میتواند فعالیت آنزیم استیلکولیناستراز را در آبشش و مغز به طور معنیداری نسبت به گروه شاهد مهار کند (05/0p˂). فعالیت آنزیم آلانینآمینوترانسفراز در کبد و عضله بهطور معنیداری تحت تأثیر سرب افزایش یافت (05/0p˂). افزایش معنیدار فعالیت آنزیم آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز در کبد و مغز مشاهده شد (05/0p˂). همچنین فعالیت آنزیم آلکالین فسفاتاز و لاکتات دهیدروژناز تنها در کبد ماهیان قرار گرفته در معرض سرب به طور معنیداری افزایش نشان داد (05/0p˂). از این رو قرار گرفتن ماهی سفیدک در معرض سرب منجر به برهمکنش بین فلز و سیستم بیولوژیک ماهی سفیدک شد که نتیجه آن تغییر فعالیت آنزیمها در بافتهای بدن ماهی بود. فعالیت آنزیمها تحت تأثیر سرب از الگوی کاهشی و افزایشی یکسانی پیروی نکرده و بسته به نوع آنزیم و بافت نتایج متفاوتی مشاهده شد. بنابراین پایش پروفایل آنزیمی در بافتهای بدن ماهی سفیدک جهت تشخیص سلامتی این ماهی خوراکی و اندامهای معیوب به علت حضور سرب در محیط مفید میباشد.
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